Abstract：
Oligodendrocyte (OL) myelination is a critical process for the neuronal axon function in the central nervous system. After demyelination occurs because of pathophysiology, remyelination makes repairs similar to myelination. Proliferation and differentiation are the two main stages in OL myelination, and most factors commonly play converse roles in these two stages, except for a few factors and signaling pathways, such as OLIG2 (Oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2). Moreover, some OL maturation gene mutations induce hypomyelination or hypermyelination without an obvious function in proliferation and differentiation. Herein, three types of factors regulating myelination are reviewed in sequence.
摘要：
少突胶质细胞（OL）髓鞘形成是中枢神经系统中神经元轴突功能的关键过程。在由于病理生理学而发生脱髓鞘后，髓鞘再生使修复类似于髓鞘再生。增殖和分化是OL髓鞘形成的两个主要阶段，在这两个阶段中，大多数因素通常起着相反的作用，除了一些因素和信号通路，如OLIG2(少突胶质细胞转录因子2)。此外，某些OL成熟基因突变可诱导髓鞘减少或髓鞘过多，而在增殖和分化中没有明显的功能。在这里，我们依次回顾了三种类型的调节髓鞘形成的因子。
