关键词： ACLF, acute-on-chronic liver failure BCS, Budd–Chiari syndrome DOACs, direct-acting oral anticoagulants EASL, European Association for the Study of the Liver HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma HVPG, hepatic venous pressure gradient INR, international normalized ratio JAK2, Janus Kinase 2 LMWH, low molecular weight heparin LT, liver transplant MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease MTHFR, methyltetrahydrofolate reductase NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis NO, nitric oxide NSBBs, non-selective beta-blockers PV, portal vein PVT, Portal vein thrombosis RCT, randomized controlled trial SMA, superior mesenteric artery SMV, superior mesenteric vein SVT, splanchnic vein thrombosis TIPS, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt UNOS, United Network for Organ Sharing VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factors VKAs, vitamin K antagonists VKORC1, vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1 anticoagulation cirrhosis eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase non-tumoral portal vein thrombosis portal hypertension rTPA, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt vWF, von Willebrand factor

来  源：   DOI：10.1016/j.jceh.2021.11.003   PDF(Pubmed)

Abstract：
Patients with cirrhosis of the liver are at high risk of developing portal vein thrombosis (PVT), which has a complex, multifactorial cause. The condition may present with a myriad of symptoms and can occasionally cause severe complications. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of PVT. There are uncertainties regarding the effect on PVT and its treatment outcome in patients with cirrhosis. The main challenge for managing PVT in cirrhosis is analyzing the risk of hemorrhage compared to the risk of thrombus extension leading to complications. All current knowledge regarding non-tumor PVT in cirrhosis, including epidemiology, risk factors, classification, clinical presentation, diagnosis, impact on natural history, and treatment, is discussed in the present article.
摘要：
肝硬化患者发生门静脉血栓形成（PVT）的风险很高，有一个复杂的，多因素原因。这种情况可能会出现无数的症状，偶尔会引起严重的并发症。对比增强计算机断层扫描（CT）是诊断PVT的金标准。对于肝硬化患者对PVT的影响及其治疗结果存在不确定性。在肝硬化中管理PVT的主要挑战是分析与血栓扩展导致并发症的风险相比的出血风险。关于肝硬化非肿瘤PVT的所有现有知识，包括流行病学,危险因素，分类，临床表现,诊断,对自然史的影响，和治疗,在本文中进行了讨论。
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