Abstract：
Hyponatremia is the most frequent electrolytic disorder in hospitalized patients, and the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), the most frequent cause of hiponatremia with clinically normal extracellular volume. It consists of a disorder of the regulation of body water that obeys to different causes, mainly cancer, pulmonary illnesses, disorders of the central nervous system and diverse drugs. As in any hiponatremia it a physiological knowledge of the regulation of body water and sodium is essential as well as the application of precise diagnostic criteria in order to manage the problem with an effective treatment. The available data until the moment show that the clinical diagnosis of SIADH made by professionals is mainly not supported on the established criteria drawn by experts and this lack of accuracy probably hits in the therapeutic result. The basis of the treatment of the SIADH is to correct its cause, water restriction, solutes (sodium chloride) and the use of vaptans in case of failure of the previous measures.
摘要：
低钠血症是住院患者中最常见的电解障碍，和抗利尿激素分泌不当综合征（SIADH），最常见的原因是临床上正常的细胞外体积。它由遵循不同原因的人体水分调节障碍组成，主要是癌症,肺部疾病,中枢神经系统疾病和多种药物。正如在任何尿质血症中一样，人体水和钠的调节的生理知识以及精确诊断标准的应用是必不可少的，以便通过有效的治疗来解决问题。目前的可用数据表明，专业人员对SIADH的临床诊断主要不支持专家制定的既定标准，这种缺乏准确性可能会影响治疗结果。治疗SIADH的基础是纠正其病因,限水,溶质（氯化钠）和在先前措施失败的情况下使用vaptans。
