Abstract：
Forensic interviewers are taught to ask children invitations using the word \"time\" to refer to a specific episode (e.g., \"Tell me about the last time he touched you.\"). However, children may interpret the word \"time\" as requesting conventional temporal information rather than narrative information.
We examined the rates at which children misinterpreted invitations containing the word \"time,\" comparing invitations asking \"about\" an episode to invitations asking what \"happened\" during an episode.
This study examined 827 forensic interviews of children aged 4 to 15 (Mage = 8.1 years) in cases of suspected sexual abuse.
We identified 1405 invitations using the word \"time,\" and coded them for whether they asked \"about\" or what \"happened.\" Children\'s responses were coded for whether they gave exclusively conventional temporal information, expressed temporal ignorance or uncertainty, requested clarification, or gave a don\'t know response.
Children responded to About invitations with higher rates of conventional temporal information (11%) than Happened invitations (6%, p < .001). Children were also more inclined to express uncertainty about temporal information when asked About invitations (p = .04). In a third of the cases where children exhibited misunderstanding, interviewers failed to clarify their intentions.
Forensic interviewers can reduce children\'s unresponsiveness to invitations by using Happened invitations that overcome the ambiguity associated with \"time.\"
We examined the rates at which children misinterpreted invitations containing the word \"time,\" comparing invitations asking \"about\" an episode to invitations asking what \"happened\" during an episode.
This study examined 827 forensic interviews of children aged 4 to 15 (Mage = 8.1 years) in cases of suspected sexual abuse.
We identified 1405 invitations using the word \"time,\" and coded them for whether they asked \"about\" or what \"happened.\" Children\'s responses were coded for whether they gave exclusively conventional temporal information, expressed temporal ignorance or uncertainty, requested clarification, or gave a don\'t know response.
Children responded to About invitations with higher rates of conventional temporal information (11%) than Happened invitations (6%, p < .001). Children were also more inclined to express uncertainty about temporal information when asked About invitations (p = .04). In a third of the cases where children exhibited misunderstanding, interviewers failed to clarify their intentions.
Forensic interviewers can reduce children\'s unresponsiveness to invitations by using Happened invitations that overcome the ambiguity associated with \"time.\"
摘要：
法证面试官被教导使用“时间”一词向孩子们发出邀请，以指代特定的情节（例如，“告诉我他最后一次碰你。\")。然而,儿童可能会将“时间”一词解释为要求常规的时间信息而不是叙事信息。
我们研究了儿童误解包含“时间”一词的邀请的比率，“比较邀请询问”关于“一集”的邀请与询问“在一集期间发生了什么”的邀请。
这项研究调查了827名4至15岁（Mage=8.1岁）儿童涉嫌性虐待的法医访谈。
我们用“时间，并对他们是否询问“关于”或“发生了什么”进行编码。“儿童的反应被编码为他们是否只提供常规的时间信息，表达了暂时的无知或不确定性，要求澄清，或者给出了一个不知道的答案。
儿童对“关于”邀请的回应率（11%）高于“发生”邀请（6%，p<.001)。当被问及邀请时，孩子们也更倾向于表达对时间信息的不确定性(p=.04)。在三分之一的儿童表现出误解的情况下，面试官没有澄清他们的意图。
法医面试官可以通过使用Happened邀请来克服与时间相关的歧义，从而减少孩子对邀请的反应迟钝。\"
我们研究了儿童误解包含“时间”一词的邀请的比率，“比较邀请询问”关于“一集”的邀请与询问“在一集期间发生了什么”的邀请。
这项研究调查了827名4至15岁（Mage=8.1岁）儿童涉嫌性虐待的法医访谈。
我们用“时间，并对他们是否询问“关于”或“发生了什么”进行编码。“儿童的反应被编码为他们是否只提供常规的时间信息，表达了暂时的无知或不确定性，要求澄清，或者给出了一个不知道的答案。
儿童对“关于”邀请的回应率（11%）高于“发生”邀请（6%，p<.001)。当被问及邀请时，孩子们也更倾向于表达对时间信息的不确定性(p=.04)。在三分之一的儿童表现出误解的情况下，面试官没有澄清他们的意图。
法医面试官可以通过使用Happened邀请来克服与时间相关的歧义，从而减少孩子对邀请的反应迟钝。\"
