Abstract：
Airborne fungi are widely distributed in the environment and may have adverse effects on human health. A 12-month survey on the diversity and concentration of culturable airborne fungi was carried out in a research and teaching building of Tianjin University. Indoor and outdoor environments were analyzed using an HAS-100B air sampler. A total of 667 fungal strains, belonging to 160 species and 73 genera were isolated and identified based on morphological and molecular analysis. The most abundant fungal genera were Alternaria (38.57%), Cladosporium (21.49%), and Aspergillus (5.34%), while the most frequently appearing species was A. alternata (21%), followed by A. tenuissima (12.4%), and C. cladosporioides (9.3%). The concentration of fungi in different environments ranged from 0 to 150 CFU/m3 and was significantly higher outdoor than indoor. Temperature and sampling month were significant factors influencing the whole building fungal community, while relative humidity and wind speed were highly correlated with fungal composition outdoor. Variations in the relative abundance of major airborne fungal taxa at different heights above-ground could lead to different community structures at different floors. Our results may provide valuable information for air quality monitoring and microbial pollution control in university building environments.
摘要：
空气传播真菌在环境中分布广泛，可能对人体健康产生不利影响。在天津大学某科研教学楼进行了为期12个月的可培养空气真菌多样性和浓度调查。使用HAS-100B空气采样器分析了室内和室外环境。共667株真菌，根据形态学和分子分析，分离并鉴定了160种73属。真菌属最丰富的是链格孢菌(38.57%),枝孢霉（21.49%），曲霉菌(5.34%)，而最常见的物种是A.alternata（21％），其次是A.tenuissima(12.4%)，和C.cladosporioides（9.3%）。真菌在不同环境中的浓度范围为0至150CFU/m3，室外明显高于室内。温度和采样月份是影响整个建筑真菌群落的重要因素，相对湿度和风速与室外真菌成分高度相关。地上不同高度的主要空气传播真菌类群的相对丰度变化可能导致不同楼层的群落结构不同。我们的结果可能为大学建筑环境中的空气质量监测和微生物污染控制提供有价值的信息。
