Abstract：
Mainstream smoke yields of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and three aromatic amines, 1-aminonaphthalene, 2-aminonaphthalene, and 4-aminobiphenyl, from 60 little cigar brands currently on the US market were measured for both International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and Canadian Intense (CI) smoking regimens. The smoke yields are compared with those from 50 cigarette products measured by Counts et al. of Philip Morris USA (PMUSA) in 2005 [Counts et al. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2005 41, 185-227] and 50 cigarette products measured by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in cooperation with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2012 [Tynan et al. Consumption of Cigarettes and Combustible Tobacco: United States, 2000-2011. In Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012; 565-580]. For the little cigars, the average HCN yield with the ISO smoking regimen is 335 μg/cigar (range: 77-809 μg/cigar), which is 332% higher than the average of 50 PMUSA 2005 cigarettes and 243% higher than the average of 50 CDC/FDA 2012 cigarettes. For the CI smoking regimen, the average HCN yield is 619 μg/cigar (range: 464-1045 μg/cigar), which is 70.5% higher than the average of 50 PMUSA 2005 cigarettes and 69% higher than the average of the 50 CDC/FDA 2012 cigarettes. For aromatic amines, the average ISO smoking regimen smoke yields are 36.6 ng/cigar (range: 15.9-70.6 ng/cigar) for 1-aminonaphthalene, 24.6 ng/cigar (range: 12.3-36.7 ng/cigar) for 2-aminonaphthalene, and 5.6 ng/cigar (range: 2.3-17.2 ng/cigar) for 4-aminobiphenyl. The average ISO yields of aromatic amines from little cigars are 141% to 210% higher compared to the average yields of 50 PMUSA cigarettes. The average CI smoke regimen yields are 73.0 ng/cigar (range: 32.1-112.2 ng/cigar) for 1-aminonaphthalene, 45.2 ng/cigar (range: 24.6-74.8 ng/cigar) for 2-aminonaphthalene, and 12.7 ng/cigar (range: 5.5-37.5 ng/cigar) for 4-aminobiphenyl. The average CI aromatic amine yields are 143% to 220% higher compared to the average yields of 50 PMUSA cigarettes, almost identical to the relative yields under the ISO smoking regimen. Both HCN and aromatic amine yields are 1.5× to 3× higher for the tested little cigars than for the conventional cigarettes; however, there are notable differences in the relationships of these yields to certain product characteristics, such as weight, ventilation, and tobacco type. The higher smoke yields of these compounds from little cigars indicates that cigar smokers may be at risk of a higher exposure to HCN and aromatic amines on a per stick basis and thus increased health concerns.
摘要：
氰化氢（HCN）和三种芳香胺的主流烟气产量，1-氨基萘,2-氨基萘,和4-氨基联苯,对目前美国市场上的60个小雪茄品牌进行了国际标准化组织（ISO）和加拿大烈度（CI）吸烟方案的测量。将烟雾产量与Counts等人测量的50种香烟产品的烟雾产量进行比较。菲利普莫里斯美国公司(PMUSA)于2005年[Counts等人。雷格.Toxicol.Pharmacol.200541，185-227]和疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）与食品药品监督管理局（FDA）合作于2012年测量的50种卷烟产品[Tynanetal。香烟和可燃烟草的消费：美国，2000-2011年。在发病率和死亡率周报；疾病控制和预防中心，2012；565-580]。对于小雪茄，ISO吸烟方案的平均HCN产量为335μg/雪茄（范围：77-809μg/雪茄），比50支PMUSA2005卷烟的平均值高332%，比50支CDC/FDA2012卷烟的平均值高243%。对于CI吸烟方案，平均HCN产量为619μg/雪茄（范围：464-1045μg/雪茄），比50支PMUSA2005卷烟的平均值高70.5%，比50支CDC/FDA2012卷烟的平均值高69%。对于芳香胺，1-氨基萘的平均ISO吸烟方案烟雾产量为36.6ng/雪茄（范围：15.9-70.6ng/雪茄），2-氨基萘24.6ng/雪茄（范围：12.3-36.7ng/雪茄），4-氨基联苯和5.6ng/雪茄（范围：2.3-17.2ng/雪茄）。与50支PMUSA香烟的平均产量相比，小雪茄中芳香胺的平均ISO产量高出141%至210%。1-氨基萘的平均CI烟雾方案产量为73.0ng/雪茄（范围：32.1-112.2ng/雪茄），2-氨基萘45.2ng/雪茄（范围：24.6-74.8ng/雪茄），4-氨基联苯和12.7ng/雪茄（范围：5.5-37.5ng/雪茄）。与50支PMUSA卷烟的平均产量相比，芳胺的平均产量高出143％至220％，与ISO吸烟方案下的相对产量几乎相同。所测试的小雪茄的HCN和芳香胺产量均比常规香烟高1.5倍至3倍；但是，这些产量与某些产品特性的关系存在显著差异，比如体重,通风,烟草类型。来自小雪茄的这些化合物的较高烟雾产量表明，雪茄吸烟者可能有更高的暴露于每根雪茄的HCN和芳香胺的风险，因此增加了健康问题。
