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Abstract：
Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) is a multisystem disorder characterized by intestinal and extraintestinal manifestations and complications. Cerebrovascular events (CVE) are rare extraintestinal complications in patients with PIBD. Statistics show that 3.3% patients with PIBD and 1.3-6.4% adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experience CVE during the course of the disease. Therefore, this study aimed to review the records of children with IBD who developed CVE during the course of the disease. We retrospectively reviewed 62 cases of PIBD complicated by CVE. The mean patient age at the time of thrombotic events was 12.48±4.13 years. The incidence of ulcerative colitis was significantly higher than that of Crohn\'s disease (43 [70.5%] vs. 13 [21.3%] patients). Most patients (87.93%) were in the active phase of IBD at the time of CVE. The mean time interval between the onset of IBD and CVE was 20.84 weeks. Overall, 11 (26.83%) patients showed neurological symptoms of CVE at disease onset. The most frequent symptom on admission was persistent and severe headaches (67.85%). The most common site of cerebral venous thrombosis was the transverse sinuses (n=23, 53.48%). The right middle cerebral artery (n=3, 33.34%) was the predominant site of cerebral arterial infarction. Overall, 41 (69.49%) patients who were mostly administered unfractionated heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin (56.09%) recovered completely. Patients with IBD are at a risk of thromboembolism. CVE may be the most common type of thromboembolism. Based on these findings, the most common risk factor for CVE is IBD flares. In patients with CVE, anticoagulant therapy with heparin, followed by warfarin, is necessary.
摘要：
小儿炎症性肠病（PIBD）是一种以肠道和肠外表现和并发症为特征的多系统疾病。脑血管事件（CVE）是PIBD患者罕见的肠外并发症。统计显示3.3%的PIBD患者和1.3-6.4%的成人炎症性肠病(IBD)患者在病程中经历CVE。因此,本研究旨在回顾IBD患儿在病程中发展为CVE的记录.我们回顾性分析了62例PIBD并发CVE的病例。发生血栓事件时患者的平均年龄为12.48±4.13岁。溃疡性结肠炎的发病率明显高于克罗恩病(43[70.5%]vs.13例[21.3%]患者)。大多数患者（87.93％）在CVE时处于IBD的活动期。IBD和CVE发病之间的平均时间间隔为20.84周。总的来说,11例(26.83%)患者在发病时表现出CVE的神经症状。入院时最常见的症状是持续性和严重的头痛（67.85％）。脑静脉血栓形成最常见的部位是横窦（n=23，53.48％）。右大脑中动脉(n=3,33.34%)是脑梗死的主要部位。总的来说,41例（69.49％）患者主要使用普通肝素或低分子量肝素（56.09％）完全恢复。IBD患者有血栓栓塞的风险。CVE可能是最常见的血栓栓塞类型。基于这些发现,CVE最常见的危险因素是IBD耀斑.在CVE患者中，肝素抗凝治疗，其次是华法林,是必要的。
