Abstract：
Abiotic stresses are the major environmental factors that play a significant role in decreasing plant yield and production potential by influencing physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes. Abiotic stresses and global population growth have prompted scientists to use beneficial strategies to ensure food security. The use of organic compounds to improve tolerance to abiotic stresses has been considered for many years. For example, the application of potential external osmotic protective compounds such as proline is one of the approaches to counteract the adverse effects of abiotic stresses on plants. Proline level increases in plants in response to environmental stress. Proline accumulation is not just a signal of tension. Rather, according to research discussed in this article, this biomolecule improves plant resistance to abiotic stress by rising photosynthesis, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activity, regulating osmolyte concentration, and sodium and potassium homeostasis. In this review, we discuss the biosynthesis, sensing, signaling, and transport of proline and its role in the development of various plant tissues, including seeds, floral components, and vegetative tissues. Further, the impacts of exogenous proline utilization under various non-living stresses such as drought, salinity, high and low temperatures, and heavy metals have been extensively studied. Numerous various studies have shown that exogenous proline can improve plant growth, yield, and stress tolerance under adverse environmental factors.
摘要：
非生物胁迫是主要的环境因子,通过影响生理、生物化学，和分子过程。非生物压力和全球人口增长促使科学家使用有益的策略来确保粮食安全。多年来一直考虑使用有机化合物来提高对非生物胁迫的耐受性。例如,潜在的外部渗透保护化合物如脯氨酸的应用是抵消非生物胁迫对植物不利影响的方法之一。植物中脯氨酸水平增加以响应环境胁迫。脯氨酸的积累不仅仅是紧张的信号。相反，根据本文讨论的研究，这种生物分子通过提高光合作用来提高植物对非生物胁迫的抗性，酶促和非酶促抗氧化活性，调节渗透物浓度，钠和钾稳态.在这次审查中,我们讨论生物合成，传感,信令,以及脯氨酸的运输及其在各种植物组织发育中的作用，包括种子,花卉成分，和营养组织。Further,在干旱等各种非生物胁迫下外源脯氨酸利用的影响，盐度,高温和低温，和重金属已被广泛研究。大量的研究表明,外源脯氨酸可以促进植物生长,产量，和不利环境因素下的胁迫耐受性。
