Abstract：
Apoptosis is the most thoroughly studied type of regulated cell death. Certain events, such as externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS) into the outer leaflet of plasma membrane, mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, caspase cascade activation, DNA fragmentation and blebbing, are widely considered to be hallmarks of apoptosis as well as being traditionally viewed as irreversible. This review shows that under particular circumstances these events can also participate in physiological processes not associated with initiation of apoptosis, such as cell differentiation, division, and motility, as well as non-apoptotic types of cell death. Moreover, these events may often be reversible. This review focuses on three processes: phosphatidylserine externalization, blebbing, and activation of apoptotic caspases. Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and DNA fragmentation are not discussed.
摘要：
凋亡是研究最彻底的调节细胞死亡类型。某些事件,例如磷脂酰丝氨酸（PS）外化进入质膜的外叶，线粒体外膜透化，caspase级联激活，DNA片段化和起泡，被广泛认为是细胞凋亡的标志，并且传统上被认为是不可逆的。这篇综述表明，在特定情况下，这些事件也可以参与与凋亡起始无关的生理过程。如细胞分化，司,和运动性，以及非凋亡类型的细胞死亡。此外，这些事件通常是可逆的。这篇综述集中在三个过程：磷脂酰丝氨酸外化，咯咯声,和凋亡半胱天冬酶的激活。没有讨论线粒体外膜透化和DNA片段化。
