Abstract：
Over recent years, consumer interest in natural products, such as botanicals has increased considerably. One of the factors affecting their quality is the presence of mycotoxins. This review focuses on exploring the mycotoxin occurrence in botanicals (raw material and ready-to-eat forms such as infusions or tablets) and the risk assessment due to their ingestion. Aflatoxins, Ochratoxin A, and Fumonisins are the most commonly studied mycotoxins and data in the literature report levels ranging from traces to 1000 μg/kg in raw materials. In general, the highest contents observed in raw materials decreased to unconcerning levels after the preparation of the infusions, reaching values that generally do not exceed 100 μg/L. Regarding botanical dietary supplements, the levels observed were lower than those reported for other matrices, although higher levels (of up to 1000 μg/kg) have been reported in some cases. Risk assessment studies in botanicals revealed a higher risk when they are consumed as tablets compared to infusions. Analytical methodologies implied in mycotoxin determination have also been contemplated. In this sense, liquid chromatography coupled to fluorescence detection has been the most frequently employed analytical technique, although in recent years tandem mass spectrometry has been widely used.
摘要：
近年来,消费者对天然产品的兴趣，如植物药大幅增加。影响其质量的因素之一是真菌毒素的存在。这篇综述的重点是探索植物药（原料和即食形式，如输液或片剂）中霉菌毒素的发生以及由于其摄入而引起的风险评估。黄曲霉毒素,曲霉毒素A,Fumonisins和Fumonisins是最常用的研究霉菌毒素，文献中的数据报道了原材料中痕量至1000μg/kg的水平。总的来说,在制备输液后，在原材料中观察到的最高含量下降到无关紧要的水平，达到通常不超过100μg/L的值。关于植物膳食补充剂，观察到的水平低于其他矩阵报告的水平，尽管在某些情况下已经报道了更高的水平（高达1000μg/kg）。植物药的风险评估研究表明，与输注相比，以片剂形式食用的风险更高。还考虑了真菌毒素测定中隐含的分析方法。在这个意义上,液相色谱与荧光检测相结合是最常用的分析技术，虽然近年来串联质谱技术得到了广泛的应用。
