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Abstract：
Introduction Central nervous system (CNS) lesions are rare and histologically heterogenous, and carry serious potential for patient morbidity and mortality. A retrospective epidemiological review of CNS neoplasms is of great importance for future research because it can demonstrate the changes in the spectrum of CNS lesions of a population, unveil the possible associated risk factors, and indicate the potential therapeutic methods for various neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. Neurosurgeons have always shown an obsession with a good neuropathological diagnosis in intracranial and extracranial lesions. This obsession need not be overemphasized as it helps the clinician plan an adequate surgical/treatment strategy to optimize outcomes and minimize morbidity. Methods This study included a spectrum of 160 biopsies of patients with space-occupying lesions of the CNS during a period of two years (2019-2021). All the cases were studied and analyzed, and their histological typing/grading was done. The cases were graded and categorized according to the 2016 WHO Classification of CNS Tumors. Results Among 160 cases, the study showed a slight male preponderance of 100 (62.5%) cases. The maximum number of cases, 37 (23%) cases, was in the age group of 41-50 years. Clinically, the commonest complaints were headache and seizures. The most common location of tumor was supra-tentorial, comprising around 96 (60%) cases, of which 27 (28%) cases were located in the frontal lobe. There were four (2.5%) cases that had non-neoplastic lesions and the rest 156 (97.5%) cases had neoplastic lesions. Malignant lesions outnumbered the benign lesions, comprising of 82 (51.25%) cases. Among the neoplastic lesions, the highest cases were of astrocytoma, 48 (30.76%) cases, followed by meningioma, 42 (26.92%) cases. Also, 21 extremely rare and unusual cases were encountered. Conclusion The present study reflects the diversity of histopathological spectrum of CNS lesions in our center. In-depth studies from across various hospitals are required to have representative data on the incidence, epidemiological profile, and etiology of CNS lesions in India.
摘要：
介绍中枢神经系统（CNS）病变是罕见的和组织学异质性，并对患者的发病率和死亡率具有严重的潜力。中枢神经系统肿瘤的回顾性流行病学回顾对未来的研究非常重要，因为它可以证明人群中枢神经系统病变谱的变化。揭示可能的相关风险因素，并指出各种肿瘤和非肿瘤性病变的潜在治疗方法。神经外科医生一直对颅内和颅外病变的良好神经病理学诊断表现出痴迷。不必过分强调这种痴迷，因为它有助于临床医生计划适当的手术/治疗策略以优化结果并最大程度地减少发病率。方法这项研究包括在两年（2019-2021年）期间对中枢神经系统占位性病变患者进行的160例活检。对所有病例进行了研究和分析,并进行组织学分型/分级。根据2016年WHO中枢神经系统肿瘤分类对病例进行分级和分类。结果160例患者中,研究显示男性占100例（62.5%）。案件的最大数量，37例（23%），年龄在41-50岁之间。临床上,最常见的投诉是头痛和癫痫发作。肿瘤最常见的位置是幕上，包括大约96例(60%)，其中27例（28％）位于额叶。有4例（2.5％）具有非肿瘤性病变，其余156例（97.5％）具有肿瘤性病变。恶性病变数量超过良性病变,包括82例(51.25%)。在肿瘤性病变中，最高的病例是星形细胞瘤，48例（30.76%），其次是脑膜瘤,42例(26.92%)。此外，遇到了21例极为罕见和不寻常的病例。结论本研究反映了本中心中枢神经系统病变组织病理学谱的多样性。需要从各个医院进行深入研究，以获得有关发病率的代表性数据，流行病学概况，以及印度中枢神经系统病变的病因。
