Abstract：
Parasite transmission is the ability of pathogens to move between hosts. As a key component of the interaction between hosts and parasites, it has crucial implications for the fitness of both. Here, we review the transmission dynamics of Gyrodactylus species, which are monogenean ectoparasites of teleost fishes and a prominent model for studies of parasite transmission. Particularly, we focus on the most studied host–parasite system within this genus: guppies, Poecilia reticulata, and G. turnbulli/G. bullatarudis. Through an integrative literature examination, we identify the main variables affecting Gyrodactylus spread between hosts, and the potential factors that enhance their transmission. Previous research indicates that Gyrodactylids spread when their current conditions are unsuitable. Transmission depends on abiotic factors like temperature, and biotic variables such as gyrodactylid biology, host heterogeneity, and their interaction. Variation in the degree of social contact between hosts and sexes might also result in distinct dynamics. Our review highlights a lack of mathematical models that could help predict the dynamics of gyrodactylids, and there is also a bias to study only a few species. Future research may usefully focus on how gyrodactylid reproductive traits and host heterogeneity promote transmission and should incorporate the feedbacks between host behaviour and parasite transmission.
摘要：
寄生虫传播是病原体在宿主之间移动的能力。作为宿主和寄生虫之间相互作用的关键组成部分，这对两者的健康都有至关重要的意义。这里,我们回顾了陀螺的传播动力学，是硬骨鱼的单系外寄生虫，是研究寄生虫传播的重要模型。特别是,我们专注于该属中研究最多的宿主-寄生虫系统：孔雀鱼，网状Poeciliareticulata,和G.turnbulli/G.球茎.通过综合文献考试，我们确定了影响陀螺在宿主之间传播的主要变量，以及增强其传播的潜在因素。先前的研究表明，Gyrodactylids在当前条件不合适时传播。传播取决于温度等非生物因素，和生物变量，如陀螺齿科生物学，宿主异质性，和他们的互动。宿主和性别之间社交接触程度的变化也可能导致不同的动态。我们的评论强调缺乏可以帮助预测陀螺齿形动力学的数学模型，也有一种偏见，只研究少数物种。未来的研究可能会重点关注gydactylid繁殖性状和宿主异质性如何促进传播，并应纳入宿主行为和寄生虫传播之间的反馈。
