PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Healthy plant-based diets rich in fermentable residues may induce gas-related symptoms, possibly mediated by the gut microbiota. We previously showed that consumption of a fermented milk product (FMP) containing Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CNCM I-2494 and lactic acid bacteria improved gastrointestinal (GI) comfort in response to a flatulogenic dietary challenge in healthy individuals. To study the effects of the FMP on gut microbiota activity from those participants, we conducted a metatranscriptomic analysis of fecal samples (n = 262), which were collected during the ingestion of a habitual diet and two series of a 3-day high-residue challenge diet, before and following 28-days of FMP consumption. Most of the FMP species were detected or found enriched upon consumption of the product. FMP mitigated the effect of a flatulogenic diet on gas-related symptoms in several ways. First, FMP consumption was associated with the depletion of gas-producing bacteria and increased hydrogen to methane conversion. It also led to the upregulation of activities such as replication and downregulation of functions related to motility and chemotaxis. Furthermore, upon FMP intake, metabolic activities such as carbohydrate metabolism, attributed to B. animalis and S. thermophilus, were enriched; these activities were coincidentally found to be negatively associated with several GI symptoms. Finally, a more connected microbial ecosystem or mutualistic relationship among microbes was found in responders to the FMP intervention. Taken together, these findings suggest that consumption of the FMP improved the tolerance of a flatulogenic diet through active interactions with the resident gut microbiota.
摘要：
富含可发酵残留物的健康植物性饮食可能会诱发与气体有关的症状，可能是由肠道微生物群介导的。我们以前表明，食用含有动物双歧杆菌亚种的发酵乳制品（FMP）。乳酸CNCMI-2494和乳酸菌改善了胃肠道（GI）舒适度，以应对健康个体的肠胃性饮食挑战。为了研究FMP对这些参与者肠道微生物活性的影响，我们对粪便样本(n=262)进行了代谢组学分析，它们是在摄入习惯性饮食和两个为期3天的高残留挑战饮食期间收集的，在FMP消耗28天之前和之后。大多数FMP物种在消耗产品时被检测到或发现富集。FMP以几种方式减轻了气胀性饮食对气体相关症状的影响。首先,FMP消耗与产气细菌的消耗和氢向甲烷转化的增加有关。它还导致活动的上调，例如复制和与运动性和趋化性相关的功能的下调。此外，在FMP摄入时，代谢活动，如碳水化合物代谢，归因于动物芽孢杆菌和嗜热链球菌，丰富；这些活动被偶然发现与几种胃肠道症状呈负相关。最后,在FMP干预的应答者中发现了更紧密的微生物生态系统或微生物之间的相互关系。一起来看,这些发现表明,FMP的摄入通过与常驻肠道微生物群的积极相互作用,提高了对放气饮食的耐受性.
