Abstract：
A review of miRNA (microRNA) profiling studies in keratoconus.
Literature search strategy-PubMed central database, using miRNA or microRNA and keratoconus as keywords.
Eleven experimental or clinical studies on humans regarding miRNA and keratoconus, published in English between 2009 and 2020 were retrieved.
The publications regarding the role of miRNAs in keratoconus are scarce and diverse but provide some valuable information about potential new mechanisms of keratoconus development and progression. The cornea expresses almost 300 different miRNAs, 18 of which are specific, and miR-184 is by far the most abundant, with expression restricted to central basal and suprabasal epithelial cells. Mutations in the seed region of MIR184 were proved to be rare and nonspecific in patients with isolated keratoconus. Overall, in keratoconus, a total of 29 miRNAs were upregulated, and 11 were downregulated. It appeared that miR-143-3p, miR-182-5p, and miR-92a-3p were highly expressed, while the miRNAs connected to cell-cell junction, cell division, and motor activity were downregulated. In less advanced forms, altered expression of four miRNAs-miR-151a-3p, miR-194-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-185-5p-was proved in the cone epithelium; in contrast, in advanced keratoconus, the expression of miR-151a-3p and miR-194-5p remained altered, changes in the expression of miR-195 and miR-185 were not reported, and the expression of miR-138-5p, miR-146b-5p, miR-28-5p, and miR-181a-2-3p was also altered in the corneal epithelium. Keratoconus is a dynamic process of corneal stromal thinning that might result from a dynamic miRNA expression in the corneal epithelium exposed to environmental and behavioral factors causing repetitive traumas. Further experimental studies are needed to prove this hypothesis.
Literature search strategy-PubMed central database, using miRNA or microRNA and keratoconus as keywords.
Eleven experimental or clinical studies on humans regarding miRNA and keratoconus, published in English between 2009 and 2020 were retrieved.
The publications regarding the role of miRNAs in keratoconus are scarce and diverse but provide some valuable information about potential new mechanisms of keratoconus development and progression. The cornea expresses almost 300 different miRNAs, 18 of which are specific, and miR-184 is by far the most abundant, with expression restricted to central basal and suprabasal epithelial cells. Mutations in the seed region of MIR184 were proved to be rare and nonspecific in patients with isolated keratoconus. Overall, in keratoconus, a total of 29 miRNAs were upregulated, and 11 were downregulated. It appeared that miR-143-3p, miR-182-5p, and miR-92a-3p were highly expressed, while the miRNAs connected to cell-cell junction, cell division, and motor activity were downregulated. In less advanced forms, altered expression of four miRNAs-miR-151a-3p, miR-194-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-185-5p-was proved in the cone epithelium; in contrast, in advanced keratoconus, the expression of miR-151a-3p and miR-194-5p remained altered, changes in the expression of miR-195 and miR-185 were not reported, and the expression of miR-138-5p, miR-146b-5p, miR-28-5p, and miR-181a-2-3p was also altered in the corneal epithelium. Keratoconus is a dynamic process of corneal stromal thinning that might result from a dynamic miRNA expression in the corneal epithelium exposed to environmental and behavioral factors causing repetitive traumas. Further experimental studies are needed to prove this hypothesis.
摘要：
圆锥角膜miRNA(microRNA)分析研究综述.
文献检索策略-PubMed中央数据库，使用miRNA或microRNA和圆锥角膜作为关键字。
人类关于miRNA和圆锥角膜的11项实验或临床研究，检索了2009年至2020年间以英文发表的文章。
关于miRNA在圆锥角膜中的作用的出版物很少且多种多样，但提供了一些关于圆锥角膜发育和进展的潜在新机制的有价值的信息。角膜表达近300种不同的miRNA,其中18个是具体的，miR-184是目前最丰富的,表达仅限于中央基底和基底上上皮细胞。在孤立的圆锥角膜患者中，MIR184种子区域的突变被证明是罕见且非特异性的。总的来说,在圆锥角膜中，共有29个miRNAs上调,11人被下调。似乎miR-143-3p，miR-182-5p,miR-92a-3p高表达，而miRNA连接到细胞-细胞连接处，细胞分裂,运动活动下调。在较不先进的形式中，四种miRNA-miR-151a-3p的表达改变，miR-194-5p,miR-195-5p,miR-185-5p-在视锥上皮中被证明；相反，在晚期圆锥角膜中，miR-151a-3p和miR-194-5p的表达保持改变，miR-195和miR-185的表达变化未被报道，和miR-138-5p的表达，miR-146b-5p,miR-28-5p,miR-181a-2-3p在角膜上皮中也发生了改变。圆锥角膜是角膜基质变薄的动态过程，可能是由于暴露于环境和行为因素导致重复性创伤的角膜上皮中miRNA的动态表达所致。需要进一步的实验研究来证明这一假设。
文献检索策略-PubMed中央数据库，使用miRNA或microRNA和圆锥角膜作为关键字。
人类关于miRNA和圆锥角膜的11项实验或临床研究，检索了2009年至2020年间以英文发表的文章。
关于miRNA在圆锥角膜中的作用的出版物很少且多种多样，但提供了一些关于圆锥角膜发育和进展的潜在新机制的有价值的信息。角膜表达近300种不同的miRNA,其中18个是具体的，miR-184是目前最丰富的,表达仅限于中央基底和基底上上皮细胞。在孤立的圆锥角膜患者中，MIR184种子区域的突变被证明是罕见且非特异性的。总的来说,在圆锥角膜中，共有29个miRNAs上调,11人被下调。似乎miR-143-3p，miR-182-5p,miR-92a-3p高表达，而miRNA连接到细胞-细胞连接处，细胞分裂,运动活动下调。在较不先进的形式中，四种miRNA-miR-151a-3p的表达改变，miR-194-5p,miR-195-5p,miR-185-5p-在视锥上皮中被证明；相反，在晚期圆锥角膜中，miR-151a-3p和miR-194-5p的表达保持改变，miR-195和miR-185的表达变化未被报道，和miR-138-5p的表达，miR-146b-5p,miR-28-5p,miR-181a-2-3p在角膜上皮中也发生了改变。圆锥角膜是角膜基质变薄的动态过程，可能是由于暴露于环境和行为因素导致重复性创伤的角膜上皮中miRNA的动态表达所致。需要进一步的实验研究来证明这一假设。
