Abstract：
Non-native species threaten native ecosystems and species, particularly on islands where rates of endemism and vulnerability to threats are high. Understanding species invasion will aid in providing insights into ecological and evolutionary processes. To identify the non-native sika deer (Cervus nippon) population in Jeju, South Korea, and their phylogenetic affinities, we collected tissue samples from roadkill and the World Natural Heritage Headquarters in Jeju. Mitochondrial DNA cytochrome B (CytB) gene sequences were analyzed to determine two distinct CytB haplotypes. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood tree revealed two haplotypes of CytB clustered into two different groups representing two subspecies: C. n. yakushimae, native to Japan, and C. n. taiouanus, native to Taiwan. The tentative divergence time between the two subspecies was estimated at 1.81 million years. Our study confirmed that the two subspecies of sika deer are sympatric in the natural ecosystem of Jeju Island. This study provides valuable information to help government and conservation agencies understand alien species and determine control policies for conserving native biodiversity in South Korea.
摘要：
非本地物种威胁本地生态系统和物种，特别是在地方特有率和对威胁的脆弱性很高的岛屿上。了解物种入侵将有助于提供对生态和进化过程的见解。为了确定济州的非本地梅花鹿（Cervusnippon）种群，韩国,以及它们的系统发育亲缘关系，我们从道路杀手和济州世界自然遗产总部收集了组织样本。分析线粒体DNA细胞色素B(CytB)基因序列以确定两种不同的CytB单倍型。使用最大似然树的系统发育分析显示，CytB的两个单倍型聚集到两个不同的组中，代表两个亚种：C.n.yakushimae，原产于日本,和C.n.taiouanus，原产于台湾。两个亚种之间的暂定分歧时间估计为181万年。我们的研究证实，梅花鹿的两个亚种在济州岛的自然生态系统中是同胞的。这项研究提供了有价值的信息，以帮助政府和保护机构了解外来物种并确定保护韩国本地生物多样性的控制政策。
