Abstract：
We propose a model of basic self-regulatory mechanisms that integrates descriptive-structural and dynamic-explanatory approaches to personality. Using a structural way of thinking and based on a structural model of personality (the Circumplex of Personality Metatraits), we deduced two orthogonal (distinct) but interactive mechanisms: (a) Impulse Control responsible for controlling automatically activated impulses, urges, and affective reactions and (b) Self-Motivation responsible for regulating intentions in goal-oriented behaviors. Their operation depends on both situational and dispositional factors and optimal functioning of both mechanisms is needed for effective regulation of behavior. People can also be characterized by relatively stable levels of Impulse Control and Self-Motivation as dispositions, which depend on temperamental predispositions but can develop incoherently with them due to the impact of environmental factors. Combinations of Impulse Control and Self-Motivation as dispositions result in personality types, which differ in their adaptiveness. Importantly, Impulse Control and Self-Motivation mechanisms reveal substantial similarities to other self-regulatory constructs described in the literature, particularly those included in Block and Block\'s as well as Kuhl\'s theories. The contribution of our paper may serve as an example of how to apply the descriptive-structural approach to develop a dynamic-explanatory model of personality.
摘要：
我们提出了一种基本的自我调节机制模型，该模型将描述性结构和动态解释方法结合在一起。使用结构性思维方式并基于人格的结构模型（人格障碍的环），我们推导了两种正交(不同)但相互作用的机制:(a)脉冲控制负责控制自动激活的脉冲,催促,和情感反应，以及(b)负责调节目标导向行为意图的自我动机。它们的运作取决于情境和性格因素，并且需要两种机制的最佳功能才能有效调节行为。人们还可以以相对稳定的冲动控制和自我动机为特征，这取决于气质的倾向，但由于环境因素的影响，可以与它们不相干地发展。冲动控制和自我动机的组合作为性格导致人格类型，它们的适应性不同。重要的是,冲动控制和自我激励机制揭示了与文献中描述的其他自我调节结构的实质性相似性，特别是那些包含在布洛克和布洛克以及库尔理论中的理论。我们论文的贡献可以作为如何应用描述性结构方法来开发人格动态解释模型的示例。
