Abstract：
Yogurt is a fermented milk product characterised by a peculiar nutritional composition with live and viable cultures of bacteria. Few studies have analysed the benefits of yogurt consumption on health outcomes during paediatric age. Recent epidemiological studies evaluating the nutritional impact of yogurt have demonstrated its significant contribution to nutrients intakes among children. Thus, consuming yogurt is a strategy to achieve recommended nutrient intake and healthier dietary choices, with potential impact on obesity and cardiometabolic outcome in children. Yogurt\'s effects on paediatric infectious diseases, gastrointestinal diseases and atopic-related disorders are ascribed to the specific probiotic strain administered. Interestingly, the benefits of yogurt consumption are most likely due to effects mediated through the gut microbiota and the enhancement of innate and adaptive immune responses. Therefore, supplementing standard yogurt cultures with probiotic strains could be useful to promote health at different paediatric ages, although more evidence is needed regarding the strain-related effects and their interplay within the paediatric immune system.
摘要：
酸奶是一种发酵乳制品，其特征在于具有活的和活的细菌培养物的特殊营养成分。很少有研究分析了在儿科年龄食用酸奶对健康结果的益处。最近的流行病学研究评估了酸奶的营养影响，证明了它对儿童营养摄入的重要贡献。因此，食用酸奶是实现推荐营养摄入量和更健康饮食选择的策略，对儿童肥胖和心脏代谢结局有潜在影响。酸奶对儿科传染病的影响，胃肠道疾病和特应性相关疾病归因于施用的特定益生菌菌株。有趣的是,食用酸奶的好处很可能是由于肠道微生物群介导的作用以及先天和适应性免疫反应的增强。因此,用益生菌菌株补充标准酸奶培养物可能有助于促进不同儿科年龄的健康，尽管关于毒株相关效应及其在儿科免疫系统中的相互作用还需要更多的证据.
