Abstract：
The National Lung Screening Trial established the benefits of low-dose computed tomography for lung cancer screening (LCS) to identify lung cancer at earlier stages. In February 2021, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) revised the eligibility recommendations to increase the number of high-risk individuals eligible for LCS and, in effect, expand screening eligibility for vulnerable populations. One strategy for facilitating LCS is to implement targeted screening in geographic areas with the greatest need. In Philadelphia, although neighborhood smoking rates have been defined, it is not known which neighborhoods have the greatest number of people eligible for LCS. In this study, the authors estimate eligibility for LCS within Philadelphia neighborhoods using both previous and current USPSTF guidelines. They used the Public Health Management Corporation\'s Household Health Survey from 2010, 2012, and 2015 to identify the number of people within ever-smoker groups (current every day, current occasional, and former smokers) by neighborhood in Philadelphia. Using the 2015 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) Cancer Supplement, they identified the percentages within ever-smoker groups that were LCS eligible using the previous and current USPSTF guidelines. Finally, they applied the percentages eligible for the ever-smoker groups from the NHIS to the numbers in these groups within Philadelphia neighborhoods. They found that the number of Philadelphians eligible for LCS increased from 41,946 to 89,231 after the revised USPSTF guidelines. The current USPSTF guidelines increased eligibility for LCS within all Philadelphia neighborhoods, with the greatest increases in the River Wards planning district. Local providers should use these results to prioritize LCS services within neighborhoods with greatest eligibility.
摘要：
国家肺部筛查试验确定了低剂量计算机断层扫描用于肺癌筛查（LCS）的益处，以在早期阶段识别肺癌。2021年2月，美国预防服务工作组（USPSTF）修订了资格建议，以增加符合LCS条件的高风险个人的数量，实际上，扩大弱势群体的筛查资格。促进LCS的一种策略是在最需要的地理区域实施有针对性的筛查。在费城,尽管已经定义了社区吸烟率，尚不清楚哪些社区有资格获得LCS的人数最多。在这项研究中,作者使用以前和现在的USPSTF指南估计费城社区内LCS的资格.他们使用公共卫生管理公司2010年、2012年和2015年的家庭健康调查来确定吸烟者群体中的人数(目前每天，当前偶尔，和以前的吸烟者）在费城附近。使用2015年国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）癌症补充剂，他们使用之前和当前的USPSTF指南确定了符合LCS标准的吸烟者组中的百分比.最后,他们将NHIS中合格的吸烟者组的百分比应用于费城社区内这些组中的人数。他们发现，在修订后的USPSTF指南之后，符合LCS资格的费城人人数从41,946人增加到89,231人。当前的USPSTF指南增加了费城所有社区内LCS的资格，在沃兹河规划区的增幅最大。本地提供商应使用这些结果来优先考虑具有最大资格的社区内的LCS服务。
