Abstract：
In the central nervous system, the presence of pigment in astrocytic tumors is rare. Only nine cases were reported in the English literature: one ganglioglioma, one pilocytic astrocytoma, and seven cases of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA). Though squash cytology is a common and useful tool for intraoperative diagnosis during brain tumor surgeries, the cytologic findings of pigmented PXA have not been recorded previously. We present a 32-year-old woman with a mass in her medial right temporal lobe. Intraoperative squash cytology examination demonstrated pleomorphic tumor cells containing cytoplasmic pigment granules. The subsequent tissue section and additional workup revealed a PXA with melanosomal melanin pigment deposits. While conventional PXA has to be differentiated from high-grade tumors such as glioblastoma, in the pigmented variant the presence of pigment can cause further diagnostic confusion with other pigmented tumors, in particular melanoma. It should be added into the differential diagnoses when a brain tumor smear shows nuclear pleomorphism and intracytoplasmic pigment particles.
摘要：
在中枢神经系统中，星形细胞肿瘤中色素的存在是罕见的。英文文献中仅报道了9例：1例神经节胶质瘤，一个毛细胞星形细胞瘤,多形性黄色星形细胞瘤(PXA)7例。尽管壁球细胞学检查是脑肿瘤手术术中诊断的常用且有用的工具，PXA的细胞学结果以前没有记录.我们介绍了一名32岁的女性，其内侧右颞叶有肿块。术中南瓜细胞学检查显示多形性肿瘤细胞含有细胞质色素颗粒。随后的组织切片和额外的后处理显示具有黑色素的PXA。虽然常规PXA必须与高级别肿瘤如胶质母细胞瘤区分开来，在色素沉着变体中，色素的存在会导致与其他色素沉着肿瘤的进一步诊断混淆，特别是黑色素瘤。当脑肿瘤涂片显示核多态性和胞浆内色素颗粒时，应将其添加到鉴别诊断中。
