PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Since the first clinical trials conducted after World War II, chemotherapeutic drugs have been extensively used in the clinic as the main cancer treatment either alone or as an adjuvant therapy before and after surgery. Although the use of chemotherapeutic drugs improved the survival of cancer patients, these drugs are notorious for causing many severe side effects that significantly reduce the efficacy of anti-cancer treatment and patients\' quality of life. Many widely used chemotherapy drugs including platinum-based agents, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, proteasome inhibitors, and thalidomide analogs may cause direct and indirect neurotoxicity. In this review we discuss the main effects of chemotherapy on the peripheral and central nervous systems, including neuropathic pain, chemobrain, enteric neuropathy, as well as nausea and emesis. Understanding mechanisms involved in chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity is crucial for the development of drugs that can protect the nervous system, reduce symptoms experienced by millions of patients, and improve the outcome of the treatment and patients\' quality of life.
摘要：
自从第二次世界大战后进行的第一次临床试验以来，化疗药物已被广泛用于临床，作为主要的癌症治疗单独或作为手术前后的辅助治疗。虽然化疗药物的使用提高了癌症患者的生存率，这些药物因引起许多严重的副作用而臭名昭著，这些副作用会显著降低抗癌治疗的疗效和患者的生活质量。许多广泛使用的化疗药物，包括铂类药物，紫杉烷,长春花生物碱，蛋白酶体抑制剂，和沙利度胺类似物可能引起直接和间接神经毒性。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了化疗对周围和中枢神经系统的主要影响，包括神经性疼痛,化学生物学,肠神经病,还有恶心和呕吐.了解化疗引起的神经毒性的机制对于开发可以保护神经系统的药物至关重要。减少数百万患者经历的症状，并改善治疗结果和患者的生活质量。
