Abstract：
The species of the genus Dactylosternum Wollaston, 1854 occurring in China and Japan are reviewed. Ten species are recognized to occur in China, two of which were also recorded from Japan. Four new species are described from China: Dactylosternum nanlingensis Mai et Jia, sp. nov. (Guangdong, Jiangxi) from fungal hyphae on fallen wood, D. songxiaobini Mai et Jia, sp. nov. (Guangxi) from fallen wood with termites, D. pseudolatum Mai et Jia, sp. nov. (Guangdong, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hainan, Yunnan) and D. frater Mai et Jia, sp. nov. (Yunnan) from banana trees. Dactylosternum latum (Sharp, 1873) and D. salvazai Orchymont, 1925 are reported for the first time from China, and species recorded previously (D. abdominale (Fabricius, 1792), D. corbetti Balfour-Browne, 1942, D. hydrophiloides (MacLeay, 1825) and D. pui Jia, 2002) are redescribed or diagnosed. Dactylosternum abdominale (Fabricius, 1792) is confirmed to occur in Japan. Dactylosternum latum is only known from Japan based on type specimens believed to be collected in Nagasaki by G. Lewis in late 19th century; since the species was never re-collected in Japan later, its distribution in Japan seems doubtful. Dactylosternum vitalisi Orchymont, 1925 is synonymized with D. latum (Sharp, 1873), the variability of the latter species is discussed. We moreover found that the type series of D. vitalisi contains two species, with some paratypes actually belonging to D. pseudolatum Mai et Jia, sp. nov. All species of Dactylosternum living in China and Japan are diagnosed and illustrated and a key allowing their identification is provided. We infer that the compact antennal club and paralleled body form are characters related to the life inside of plant tissues, while loose antennal club and rounded body form is present in free living Dactylosternum species. The combination of characters for distinguishing Dactylosternum from other genera of Coelostomatini is also provided.
摘要：
DactylosternumWollaston属的物种，1854年发生在中国和日本的回顾。中国有10种，其中两个也来自日本。描述了来自中国的四个新物种：南明胸可为等，sp.11月。(广东，江西)来自倒下木材上的真菌菌丝，D.宋小比尼·梅和贾，sp.11月。（广西）白蚁倒下的木材，D.PseudolatumMaietJia,sp.11月。(广东，湖北,湖南,江西,福建,海南,云南)和D.fraterMai等贾，sp.11月。（云南）香蕉树。胸骨（锋利，1873年)和D.salvazaiOrchymont，1925年首次从中国报道，和以前记录的物种(D.腹肌（Fabricius，1792),D.CorbettiBalfour-Browne,1942年，D.hydrophoides(MacLeay，1825年)和D.贝佳，2002)被重新描述或诊断。腹直胸骨（Fabricius，1792）被证实发生在日本。只有根据G.Lewis于19世纪后期在长崎收集的类型标本，才能从日本得知胸骨苍术；由于该物种后来从未在日本重新收集，它在日本的分布似乎令人怀疑。OrchymontdactylosternumvitalisiOrchymont,1925年与D.latum(Sharp，1873),讨论了后一种物种的变异性。此外，我们发现D.vitalisi的类型系列包含两个物种，有些同型实际上属于D.pseudolatumMai等Jia，sp.11月。诊断和说明了生活在中国和日本的所有胸骨物种，并提供了可以识别它们的钥匙。我们推断，紧凑的触角俱乐部和平行的身体形态是与植物组织内部生命相关的特征，自由生活的Dactylosternum物种中存在松散的触角俱乐部和圆形的身体形态。还提供了将Dactylosternum与其他Coelostomatini属区分开的特征组合。
