PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a relapsing nontransmural inflammatory disease that is restricted to the colon and is characterized by flare-ups of bloody diarrhea. In this study, we aimed to investigate intestinal bacterial diversity in healthy controls and patients with UC with and without active disease, from Ghana and Denmark.
The study included 18 UC patients (9 with active and 9 with inactive disease) and 18 healthy controls from Ghana. In addition 16 UC patients from Denmark (8 UC with active and 8 UC with inactive disease) and 19 healthy controls from Denmark. Microbiota diversity analysis relied on sequencing of ribosomal small subunit genes. Purified genomic DNA was submitted to PCR using a primer set targeting prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The purified DNA was sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq system in a 2 × 250 bp set up (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA). Blinded analysis of the taxonomy table was performed using BioNumerics-7.5 (Applied Maths NV, Sint-Martens-Latem, Belgium).
When analyzing the taxonomy data for prokaryotes, cluster and principal component analysis shows Danish healthy controls clustered together, but separate from healthy controls from Ghana, which also clustered together. The Shannon diversity index (SDI) for prokaryotes shows significant differences between Danish healthy controls and patients in comparison with the corresponding groups from Ghana (p = 0.0056). Significant increased abundance of Escherichia coli was detected in healthy controls from Ghana in comparison with healthy controls from Denmark. The SDI of the prokaryotes ranges between 0 and 3.1 in the Ghana study groups, while in the Danish study groups it ranges between 1.4 and 3.2, the difference is however not significant (p = 0.138). Our data show a significant increased abundance of eukaryotes species in the healthy control group from Ghana and Denmark in comparison with patient groups from Ghana and Denmark.
Overall, healthy controls and patients with UC from Denmark have increased diversity of prokaryotes. Healthy controls from Denmark and Ghana have increased abundance of eukaryotes in comparison with UC patient groups from Denmark and Ghana.
The study included 18 UC patients (9 with active and 9 with inactive disease) and 18 healthy controls from Ghana. In addition 16 UC patients from Denmark (8 UC with active and 8 UC with inactive disease) and 19 healthy controls from Denmark. Microbiota diversity analysis relied on sequencing of ribosomal small subunit genes. Purified genomic DNA was submitted to PCR using a primer set targeting prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The purified DNA was sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq system in a 2 × 250 bp set up (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA). Blinded analysis of the taxonomy table was performed using BioNumerics-7.5 (Applied Maths NV, Sint-Martens-Latem, Belgium).
When analyzing the taxonomy data for prokaryotes, cluster and principal component analysis shows Danish healthy controls clustered together, but separate from healthy controls from Ghana, which also clustered together. The Shannon diversity index (SDI) for prokaryotes shows significant differences between Danish healthy controls and patients in comparison with the corresponding groups from Ghana (p = 0.0056). Significant increased abundance of Escherichia coli was detected in healthy controls from Ghana in comparison with healthy controls from Denmark. The SDI of the prokaryotes ranges between 0 and 3.1 in the Ghana study groups, while in the Danish study groups it ranges between 1.4 and 3.2, the difference is however not significant (p = 0.138). Our data show a significant increased abundance of eukaryotes species in the healthy control group from Ghana and Denmark in comparison with patient groups from Ghana and Denmark.
Overall, healthy controls and patients with UC from Denmark have increased diversity of prokaryotes. Healthy controls from Denmark and Ghana have increased abundance of eukaryotes in comparison with UC patient groups from Denmark and Ghana.
摘要：
溃疡性结肠炎（UC）是一种复发性非透壁炎性疾病，仅限于结肠，其特征是出血性腹泻。在这项研究中,我们的目的是调查健康对照组和有或没有活动性疾病的UC患者的肠道细菌多样性，来自加纳和丹麦。
该研究包括来自加纳的18名UC患者（9名活动性和9名活动性疾病）和18名健康对照。此外，16名来自丹麦的UC患者（8名UC患有活动性疾病，8名UC患有非活动性疾病）和19名来自丹麦的健康对照。微生物多样性分析依赖于核糖体小亚基基因的测序。使用靶向原核生物和真核生物的引物组对纯化的基因组DNA进行PCR。纯化的DNA在IlluminaMiSeq系统上以2×250bp的设置进行测序（Illumina，圣地亚哥,CA,美国）。使用BioNumerics-7.5（应用数学NV，Sint-Martens-Latem,比利时)。
在分析原核生物的分类数据时，聚类和主成分分析显示丹麦健康对照聚集在一起，但与加纳的健康对照分开，也聚集在一起。原核生物的Shannon多样性指数（SDI）显示，与加纳的相应组相比，丹麦健康对照组和患者之间存在显着差异（p=0.0056）。与丹麦的健康对照相比，加纳的健康对照中检测到大肠杆菌的丰度显着增加。在加纳研究组中，原核生物的SDI范围在0到3.1之间，虽然在丹麦研究组中，其范围在1.4和3.2之间，但差异并不显著（p=0.138）。我们的数据显示，与加纳和丹麦的患者组相比，加纳和丹麦的健康对照组中真核生物物种的丰度显着增加。
总的来说，健康对照和丹麦UC患者的原核生物多样性增加.与来自丹麦和加纳的UC患者组相比,来自丹麦和加纳的健康对照具有增加的真核生物丰度。
该研究包括来自加纳的18名UC患者（9名活动性和9名活动性疾病）和18名健康对照。此外，16名来自丹麦的UC患者（8名UC患有活动性疾病，8名UC患有非活动性疾病）和19名来自丹麦的健康对照。微生物多样性分析依赖于核糖体小亚基基因的测序。使用靶向原核生物和真核生物的引物组对纯化的基因组DNA进行PCR。纯化的DNA在IlluminaMiSeq系统上以2×250bp的设置进行测序（Illumina，圣地亚哥,CA,美国）。使用BioNumerics-7.5（应用数学NV，Sint-Martens-Latem,比利时)。
在分析原核生物的分类数据时，聚类和主成分分析显示丹麦健康对照聚集在一起，但与加纳的健康对照分开，也聚集在一起。原核生物的Shannon多样性指数（SDI）显示，与加纳的相应组相比，丹麦健康对照组和患者之间存在显着差异（p=0.0056）。与丹麦的健康对照相比，加纳的健康对照中检测到大肠杆菌的丰度显着增加。在加纳研究组中，原核生物的SDI范围在0到3.1之间，虽然在丹麦研究组中，其范围在1.4和3.2之间，但差异并不显著（p=0.138）。我们的数据显示，与加纳和丹麦的患者组相比，加纳和丹麦的健康对照组中真核生物物种的丰度显着增加。
总的来说，健康对照和丹麦UC患者的原核生物多样性增加.与来自丹麦和加纳的UC患者组相比,来自丹麦和加纳的健康对照具有增加的真核生物丰度。
