PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Postharvest deterioration of ginger rhizome caused by microorganisms or wound infections causes significant economic losses. Fusarium solani is one of the important causal agents of prevalent ginger disease soft rot across the world. The massive and continuous use of chemical fungicides in postharvest preservation pose risks to human health and produce environmental contamination. Hence, new alternative tools are required to reduce postharvest deterioration and extend the postharvest life of ginger. In this study, the use of silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) on the storability of ginger rhizomes during postharvest storage and their resistance to Fusarium solani was investigated. The results showed that 50, 100, and 150 mg L-1 of SiNPs increased the firmness of the ginger rhizome during storage but decreased the decay severity, water loss, total color difference, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS; H2O2 and superoxide anion) accumulation. Specifically, 100 mg L-1 (SiNP100) demonstrated the best effect in the extension of postharvest life and improved the quality of the ginger rhizomes. SiNP100 application increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) and the total phenolics and flavonoid contents, thereby reducing the ROS accumulation and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Meanwhile, SiNP100 treatment negatively impacts the peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities, which may have contributed to the lower level of lignin and decreased total color difference. SiNP100 likely decreased water loss and the transfer of water by altering the expression of aquaporin genes. Moreover, SiNP100 modulated the expression of lignin synthesis and phytopathogenic responses genes including MYB and LysM genes. Furthermore, SiNP100 inhibited Fusarium solani by preventing the penetration of hyphae into cells, thus decreasing the severity of postharvest pathogenic decay. In summary, this study revealed the physiology and molecular mechanisms of SiNPs-induced tolerance to postharvest deterioration and resistance to disease, which provides a foundation for using SiNPs resources as a promising alternative tool to maintain ginger quality and control postharvest diseases.
摘要：
由微生物或伤口感染引起的生姜根茎采后变质会造成重大的经济损失。枯萎病是全球流行的姜病软腐病的重要病原体之一。在采后保存中大量和持续使用化学杀菌剂对人类健康造成风险并产生环境污染。因此，需要新的替代工具来减少生姜的采后变质并延长其采后寿命。在这项研究中,研究了硅纳米粒子（SiNPs）在采后贮藏期间对生姜根茎的耐贮性及其对镰刀菌的抗性。结果表明，50、100和150mgL-1的SiNPs在储存过程中增加了生姜根茎的硬度，但降低了腐烂的严重程度。失水,总色差,和活性氧（ROS；H2O2和超氧阴离子）的积累。具体来说,100mgL-1（SiNP100）在延长采后寿命和改善生姜根茎质量方面表现出最佳效果。SiNP100的应用增加了抗氧化酶（SOD和CAT）的活性以及总酚和黄酮的含量，从而降低了ROS积累和丙二醛(MDA)含量。同时,SiNP100处理对过氧化物酶（POD）和多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性产生负面影响，这可能导致木质素含量降低和总色差降低。SiNP100可能通过改变水通道蛋白基因的表达来减少水分流失和水分转移。此外，SiNP100调节木质素合成和包括MYB和LysM基因的植物致病反应基因的表达。此外，SiNP100通过阻止菌丝渗透到细胞中来抑制枯萎病,从而降低采后致病腐烂的严重程度。总之,本研究揭示了SiNPs诱导的耐采后恶化和抗病的生理和分子机制，这为使用SiNPs资源作为保持生姜质量和控制采后疾病的有希望的替代工具提供了基础。
