Abstract：
Screening for early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC), adenomatous polyps, and precancerous lesions can reduce mortality. This review aimed to illustrate methods, guidelines, and clinical utility of CRC screening programs.
Literature search of PubMed and Scopus electronic databases was independently performed by two authors in September 2021. Articles discussing CRC screening methods and updated guidelines were reviewed.
After reviewing the full text of 55 studies, it was found that the screening tests for CRC are divided into stool-based, endoscopic, and molecular. All CRC screening guidelines recommend screening starting at age 45-50, but vary regarding screening methods, frequency, and timing of screening discontinuation. Controversies include clinical benefits of screening the elderly and discontinuation of screening. Effective screening barriers involve patient- and healthcare-related factors.
Overall, screening should start at age 45-50 for average-risk individuals. Colonoscopy and FIT tests are standard modalities recommended for regular screening. Increasing public awareness of the importance of screening and implementing mass national screening programs can detect early CRC and decrease related mortality.
Literature search of PubMed and Scopus electronic databases was independently performed by two authors in September 2021. Articles discussing CRC screening methods and updated guidelines were reviewed.
After reviewing the full text of 55 studies, it was found that the screening tests for CRC are divided into stool-based, endoscopic, and molecular. All CRC screening guidelines recommend screening starting at age 45-50, but vary regarding screening methods, frequency, and timing of screening discontinuation. Controversies include clinical benefits of screening the elderly and discontinuation of screening. Effective screening barriers involve patient- and healthcare-related factors.
Overall, screening should start at age 45-50 for average-risk individuals. Colonoscopy and FIT tests are standard modalities recommended for regular screening. Increasing public awareness of the importance of screening and implementing mass national screening programs can detect early CRC and decrease related mortality.
摘要：
筛查早期发现结直肠癌（CRC），腺瘤性息肉,和癌前病变可以降低死亡率。这篇综述旨在说明方法，指导方针,和CRC筛查计划的临床实用性。在2021年9月，两位作者独立进行了PubMed和Scopus电子数据库的文献检索。综述了讨论CRC筛查方法和更新指南的文章。
在回顾了55项研究的全文后，结果发现，CRC的筛查测试分为基于粪便的，内窥镜,和分子。所有CRC筛查指南都建议从45-50岁开始筛查，但筛查方法各不相同。频率,以及停止筛查的时机。争议包括筛查老年人的临床益处和停止筛查。有效的筛查障碍涉及患者和医疗保健相关因素。
总的来说，一般风险个体的筛查应从45-50岁开始.结肠镜检查和FIT测试是推荐用于常规筛查的标准方式。提高公众对筛查重要性的认识和实施大规模的国家筛查计划可以发现早期CRC并降低相关死亡率。
在回顾了55项研究的全文后，结果发现，CRC的筛查测试分为基于粪便的，内窥镜,和分子。所有CRC筛查指南都建议从45-50岁开始筛查，但筛查方法各不相同。频率,以及停止筛查的时机。争议包括筛查老年人的临床益处和停止筛查。有效的筛查障碍涉及患者和医疗保健相关因素。
总的来说，一般风险个体的筛查应从45-50岁开始.结肠镜检查和FIT测试是推荐用于常规筛查的标准方式。提高公众对筛查重要性的认识和实施大规模的国家筛查计划可以发现早期CRC并降低相关死亡率。
