Abstract：
The effects of glucocorticoids on aggression can be conceptualized based on its mechanisms of action. These hormones can affect cell function non-genomically within minutes, primarily by affecting the cell membrane. Overall, such effects are activating and promote both metabolic preparations for the fight and aggressive behavior per se. Chronic increases in glucocorticoids activate genomic mechanisms and are depressing overall, including the inhibition of aggressive behavior. Finally, excessive stressors trigger epigenetic phenomena that have a large impact on brain programming and may also induce the reprogramming of neural functions. These induce qualitative changes in aggression that are deemed abnormal in animals, and psychopathological and criminal in humans. This review aims at deciphering the roles of glucocorticoids in aggression control by taking in view the three mechanisms of action often categorized as acute, chronic, and toxic stress based on the duration and the consequences of the stress response. It is argued that the tripartite way of influencing aggression can be recognized in all three animal, psychopathological, and criminal aggression and constitute a framework of mechanisms by which aggressive behavior adapts to short-term and log-term changes in the environment.
摘要：
糖皮质激素对攻击性的影响可以根据其作用机制进行概念化。这些激素可以在几分钟内非基因组地影响细胞功能，主要通过影响细胞膜。总的来说,这种作用是激活和促进代谢准备战斗和侵略行为本身。糖皮质激素的慢性增加激活了基因组机制，并且总体上令人沮丧。包括抑制攻击行为。最后,过度的应激源引发表观遗传现象，对大脑编程有很大影响，也可能导致神经功能的重编程。这些导致动物被认为异常的侵略发生质的变化，人类的精神病理学和犯罪。这篇综述旨在通过考虑通常被归类为急性的三种作用机制，来破译糖皮质激素在侵略控制中的作用。慢性，和基于应激反应的持续时间和后果的毒性应激。有人认为，影响侵略的三方方式可以在所有三种动物中得到认可，精神病理学,和犯罪侵略，并构成一个机制框架，通过该机制，侵略行为适应环境的短期和长期变化。
