Abstract：
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is the most frequent cause of acute flaccid paralysis and if not diagnosed and treated timely, a significant cause of long-term disability. Incidence in Latin America ranges from 0.71 to 7.63 cases/100,000 person-years. Historically, GBS has been linked to infections (mainly gastrointestinal by Campylobacter jejuni) and vaccines (including those against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]); however, a trigger cannot be detected in most cases. Regarding SARS-CoV-2, epidemiological studies have found no association with its development. Acute motor axonal neuropathy is the most common electrophysiological variant in Mexico and Asian countries. Intravenous immunoglobulin or plasma exchanges are still the treatment cornerstones. Mortality in Mexico can be as high as 12%. Avances in understanding the drivers of nerve injury in GBS that may provide the basis for developing targeted therapies have been made during the past decade; despite them, accurate criteria for selecting patients requiring acute treatment, prognostic biomarkers, and novel therapies are still needed. The newly-developed vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have raised concerns regarding the potential risk for developing GBS. In the midst of coronavirus disease 2019 and vaccination campaigns against SARS-CoV-2, this review discusses the epidemiology, clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of GBS in Mexico.
摘要：
格林-巴利综合征（GBS）是急性弛缓性麻痹的最常见原因，如果不及时诊断和治疗，长期残疾的重要原因。拉丁美洲的发病率为0.71至7.63例/100,000人年。历史上,GBS与感染（主要是由空肠弯曲杆菌引起的胃肠道感染）和疫苗（包括针对严重急性呼吸道综合症冠状病毒2[SARS-CoV-2]的疫苗）有关；然而，在大多数情况下无法检测到触发。关于SARS-CoV-2，流行病学研究未发现与其发展有关。急性运动性轴索神经病是墨西哥和亚洲国家最常见的电生理变种。静脉免疫球蛋白或血浆交换仍然是治疗的基石。墨西哥的死亡率可能高达12%。在了解GBS神经损伤的驱动因素方面的进展，可能为开发靶向治疗提供了基础。选择需要急性治疗的患者的准确标准，预后生物标志物，仍然需要新的疗法。新开发的针对SARS-CoV-2的疫苗引起了人们对发展GBS的潜在风险的担忧。在2019年冠状病毒病和SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种运动中，这篇综述讨论了流行病学，临床表现,管理,以及墨西哥GBS的结果。
