Abstract：
Despite extensive research on COVID-19\'s impact on healthcare workers, few studies have targeted mental health workers (MHWs) and none have investigated previous traumatic events. We investigated psychological distress in MHWs after the first lockdown in Italy to understand which COVID-19, sociodemographic, and professional variables represented greater effects, and the role of previous trauma. The survey included sociodemographic and professional questions, COVID-19 variables, and the questionnaires Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 (LEC-5), Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 21 (DASS-21). On the 271 MHWs who completed the survey (73.1% female; mean age 45.37), we obtained significant effects for contagion fear, experience of patients\' death, increased workload, and worse team relationship during the first wave. Nurses were more affected and showed more post-traumatic stress symptoms, assessed by IES-R, and more depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms, assessed by DASS-21. The strongest risk factors for distress were greater age, professional role, increased workload, worse team relationship, and separation from family members. Previous experience of severe human suffering and unwanted sexual experiences negatively impacted IES-R and DASS-21 scores. Being a psychiatrist or psychologist/psychotherapist and good team relationships were protective factors. Recent but also previous severe stressful events might represent relevant risk factors for distress, reducing resilience skills. Identifying vulnerable factors and professional categories may help in the development of dedicated measures to prevent emotional burden and support psychological health. Highlights: Psychological distress in mental health workers in the COVID-19 pandemic is more frequent in nurses, who experience more depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress symptoms. Previous and recent stressful events are risk factors for distress and should guide intervention strategies.
摘要：
尽管对COVID-19对医护人员的影响进行了广泛的研究，很少有研究针对精神卫生工作者(MHW),也没有一项研究调查过以前的创伤事件.我们调查了意大利首次封锁后MHW的心理困扰，以了解哪些COVID-19，社会人口统计学，专业变量代表了更大的影响，以及先前创伤的作用。调查包括社会人口统计学和专业问题，COVID-19变量，和DSM-5(LEC-5)生活事件检查表，事件量表修订(IES-R)的影响，和抑郁焦虑压力量表21(DASS-21)。在完成调查的271名MHW(73.1%为女性；平均年龄45.37岁)中，我们对传染病恐惧获得了显著的影响，病人死亡的经验，工作量增加，在第一波中更糟糕的团队关系。护士受到的影响更大，并表现出更多的创伤后应激症状，由IES-R评估，更抑郁，焦虑,和压力症状，通过DASS-21评估。最大的危险因素是年龄较大，专业角色,工作量增加，更糟糕的团队关系,与家庭成员分离。先前的严重人类痛苦经历和不想要的性经历对IES-R和DASS-21评分产生负面影响。成为精神科医生或心理学家/心理治疗师以及良好的团队关系是保护因素。最近但以前的严重压力事件可能代表相关的危险因素，降低弹性技能。确定脆弱因素和专业类别可能有助于制定专门措施，以防止情绪负担和支持心理健康。亮点：在COVID-19大流行中，精神卫生工作者的心理困扰在护士中更为常见，经历更多抑郁的人，焦虑,和创伤后应激症状。以前和最近的压力事件是困扰的危险因素，应指导干预策略。
