Abstract：
Soap and water are often considered the gold standard for dermal decontamination. However, recent systematic reviews have shown that these methods often result in incomplete decontamination and may even induce contaminant absorption due to the \"wash-in\" effect. Therefore, it is important to gain insight on other decontamination methods. A literature search was done using PubMed to find experimental studies relating to dry decontamination performed with readily available items. Seven studies met eligibility criteria, and the study model, dry decontaminant, method of dry decontamination, method of analyzing decontamination, and main conclusions from each study were extracted, summarized, and compared. Important conclusions include that all studies investigated found that dry decontamination yielded decreases in contamination. In addition, it was shown by multiple studies that not only the decontaminant, but the manner in which it is used (method used [blotting, rubbing, etc.], amount used, and whether decontamination instructions are provided to exposed individuals) is vital to success. Finally, in all four studies that investigated wet and dry decontamination combination protocols, combinations were more efficacious than dry decontamination alone. However, this means that dry improvised decontamination can be performed while waiting for the deployment and arrival of further formal decontaminants. These conclusions deserve consideration in the event that universal decontamination guidelines are designed. However, more studies are required in order to draw definitive conclusions regarding the important topic of dermal decontamination.
摘要：
肥皂和水通常被认为是皮肤净化的黄金标准。然而,最近的系统评价表明，这些方法通常会导致不完全的净化，甚至可能由于“洗入”效应而引起污染物吸收。因此,重要的是要了解其他去污方法。使用PubMed进行了文献检索，以查找与使用现成物品进行的干式去污有关的实验研究。七项研究符合资格标准，和研究模型，干净化剂,干式去污方法，分析去污的方法，并从每项研究中提取了主要结论，总结,和比较。重要结论包括，所有调查研究都发现干式去污可减少污染。此外,多项研究表明，不仅是净化剂，但是它的使用方式(使用的方法[印迹，摩擦,等。],已使用金额,以及是否向暴露的个人提供去污说明)对成功至关重要。最后,在所有四项研究中，研究了干湿去污组合方案，组合比单独的干式去污更有效。然而,这意味着可以在等待进一步的正式去污剂的部署和到来时进行干式临时去污剂。如果设计了通用的去污指南，则这些结论值得考虑。然而,需要更多的研究，以便就皮肤去污这一重要课题得出明确的结论。
