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Abstract：
Radiotherapy (RT), as one of the main methods of clinical tumor treatment, has been applied to the treatment of most solid tumors. However, the effect of RT is compromised by the radiation resistance of tumor hypoxic environment and non-specific damage caused by high-dose radiation. Bismuth chalcogenides (Bi2X3, X = S, Se) based nanodrugs have attracted widespread attention as highly efficient radiosensitizers due to their high photoelectric effect and excellent biocompatibility. More importantly, specially designed nanocomposites can effectively alleviate the radiation resistance of tumor tissues. Here, for the first time, we systematically summarize the latest progresses of Bi2X3 nanodrugs to enhance RT by alleviating the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. These emerging Bi2X3 nanodrugs mainly include three aspects, which are Bi2X3 nanocomposites with high-efficient O2 supply, non-O2-dependent Bi2X3 nanocomposites RT enhancers, and Bi2X3 nanocomposites-based photothermal-enhanced radiosensitizers. These Bi2X3 nanodrugs can effectively overcome the RT resistance of tumor hypoxic microenvironment, and have extremely high therapeutic effects and clinical application prospects. Finally, we put forward the challenges and prospects of Bi2X3 nanomaterials in the field of RT.
摘要：
放射治疗（RT），作为临床肿瘤治疗的主要方法之一,已应用于大多数实体瘤的治疗。然而,肿瘤缺氧环境的抗辐射性和高剂量辐射引起的非特异性损伤损害了RT的效果。硫属元素铋(Bi2X3，X=S，Se)基纳米药物由于具有高的光电效应和优异的生物相容性,作为高效放射增敏剂受到了广泛的关注。更重要的是,特别设计的纳米复合材料可以有效缓解肿瘤组织的抗辐射能力。这里,第一次,我们系统地总结了Bi2X3纳米药物通过缓解缺氧肿瘤微环境来增强RT的最新进展。这些新兴的Bi2X3纳米药物主要包括三个方面,具有高效O2供应的Bi2X3纳米复合材料，非O2依赖性Bi2X3纳米复合材料RT增强剂，和Bi2X3纳米复合材料基光热增强放射增敏剂。这些Bi2X3纳米药物可以有效克服肿瘤缺氧微环境的RT耐药性，具有极高的治疗效果和临床应用前景。最后,提出了Bi2X3纳米材料在RT领域的挑战和前景。
