Abstract：
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) perturbs the tongue motor control and consequently impairs oral function, but strength training reduces this impairment. However, tongue motor control is widely reduced to a matter of strength.
To investigate the accuracy of the tongue placement as a measure of tongue motor control in patients with TMD compared with age- and sex-matched healthy participants.
This proof-of-concept case-control study was prospective, observational, and part of the TMIQ study (NCT04102306). After pointing against a wood stick while maintaining the tongue as sharp as possible, the examinator drew the contour of the tongue print on the wood stick, which was then scanned for image analyses to compute the area for each participant using ImageJ.
A total of 94 participants were included, all patients with TMD (n = 47) diagnosed with myalgia, 61% with intra-articular joint disorder accordingly to the DC/TMD. The median (IQR) tongue print area was 117 (111) mm2 for the TMD group and 93.5 (76.2) mm2 for the control group (V = 352, p = .04) and the median [95% confidence interval] difference was 25.4 [1.3; 51.0] mm². Overlapping of the 95% confidence intervals of the area evidenced no significant difference between the categories of the DC/TMD. The corrected each area-total correlation (r = .24) suggests a reasonably homogenous thus valid measure.
The results suggest that TMD impairs the motor control of the tongue. Therefore, the sharpest tongue pointing test may constitute a simple and accessible clinical tool to assess the accuracy of tongue placement in TMD patients. The study was registered on ClinicalTrial.gov with identification number NCT04102306.
To investigate the accuracy of the tongue placement as a measure of tongue motor control in patients with TMD compared with age- and sex-matched healthy participants.
This proof-of-concept case-control study was prospective, observational, and part of the TMIQ study (NCT04102306). After pointing against a wood stick while maintaining the tongue as sharp as possible, the examinator drew the contour of the tongue print on the wood stick, which was then scanned for image analyses to compute the area for each participant using ImageJ.
A total of 94 participants were included, all patients with TMD (n = 47) diagnosed with myalgia, 61% with intra-articular joint disorder accordingly to the DC/TMD. The median (IQR) tongue print area was 117 (111) mm2 for the TMD group and 93.5 (76.2) mm2 for the control group (V = 352, p = .04) and the median [95% confidence interval] difference was 25.4 [1.3; 51.0] mm². Overlapping of the 95% confidence intervals of the area evidenced no significant difference between the categories of the DC/TMD. The corrected each area-total correlation (r = .24) suggests a reasonably homogenous thus valid measure.
The results suggest that TMD impairs the motor control of the tongue. Therefore, the sharpest tongue pointing test may constitute a simple and accessible clinical tool to assess the accuracy of tongue placement in TMD patients. The study was registered on ClinicalTrial.gov with identification number NCT04102306.
摘要：
颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）扰乱舌头运动控制，从而损害口腔功能，但是力量训练减少了这种损伤。然而,舌头运动控制被广泛地减少到强度的问题。
研究TMD患者与年龄和性别匹配的健康参与者相比，舌头放置作为舌头运动控制指标的准确性。
这项概念验证病例对照研究是前瞻性的，观察,以及TMIQ研究的一部分（NCT04102306）。指着一根木棍，同时保持舌头尽可能锋利，检查者在木棒上绘制了舌纹的轮廓，然后扫描图像分析，使用ImageJ计算每个参与者的面积。
共纳入94名参与者，所有诊断为肌痛的TMD患者（n=47），根据DC/TMD，61％患有关节内关节紊乱。TMD组舌印面积中位数（IQR）为117（111）mm2，对照组为93.5（76.2）mm2（V=352，p=.04），中位数[95％置信区间]差异为25.4[1.3;51.0]mm²。面积的95%置信区间的重叠证明DC/TMD的类别之间没有显著差异。校正后的每个面积-总相关性(r=.24)表明了一个相当均匀的有效度量。
结果表明TMD损害了舌头的运动控制。因此,最清晰的舌尖测试可能是评估TMD患者舌位准确性的简单易得的临床工具.该研究在ClinicalTrial.gov上注册，标识号为NCT04102306。
研究TMD患者与年龄和性别匹配的健康参与者相比，舌头放置作为舌头运动控制指标的准确性。
这项概念验证病例对照研究是前瞻性的，观察,以及TMIQ研究的一部分（NCT04102306）。指着一根木棍，同时保持舌头尽可能锋利，检查者在木棒上绘制了舌纹的轮廓，然后扫描图像分析，使用ImageJ计算每个参与者的面积。
共纳入94名参与者，所有诊断为肌痛的TMD患者（n=47），根据DC/TMD，61％患有关节内关节紊乱。TMD组舌印面积中位数（IQR）为117（111）mm2，对照组为93.5（76.2）mm2（V=352，p=.04），中位数[95％置信区间]差异为25.4[1.3;51.0]mm²。面积的95%置信区间的重叠证明DC/TMD的类别之间没有显著差异。校正后的每个面积-总相关性(r=.24)表明了一个相当均匀的有效度量。
结果表明TMD损害了舌头的运动控制。因此,最清晰的舌尖测试可能是评估TMD患者舌位准确性的简单易得的临床工具.该研究在ClinicalTrial.gov上注册，标识号为NCT04102306。
