PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungal species, which pose significant risk to humans and livestock. The mycotoxins which are produced from Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium are considered most important and therefore regulated in food- and feedstuffs. Analyses are predominantly performed by official laboratory methods in centralized labs by expert technicians. There is an urgent demand for new low-cost, easy-to-use, and portable analytical devices for rapid on-site determination. Most significant advances were realized in the field bioanalytical techniques based on molecular recognition. This review aims to discuss recent progress in the generation of native biomolecules and new bioinspired materials towards mycotoxins for the development of reliable bioreceptor-based analytical methods. After brief presentation of basic knowledge regarding characteristics of most important mycotoxins, the generation, benefits, and limitations of present and emerging biorecognition molecules, such as polyclonal (pAb), monoclonal (mAb), recombinant antibodies (rAb), aptamers, short peptides, and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), are discussed. Hereinafter, the use of binders in different areas of application, including sample preparation, microplate- and tube-based assays, lateral flow devices, and biosensors, is highlighted. Special focus, on a global scale, is placed on commercial availability of single receptor molecules, test-kits, and biosensor platforms using multiplexed bead-based suspension assays and planar biochip arrays. Future outlook is given with special emphasis on new challenges, such as increasing use of rAb based on synthetic and naïve antibody libraries to renounce animal immunization, multiple-analyte test-kits and high-throughput multiplexing, and determination of masked mycotoxins, including stereoisomeric degradation products.
摘要：
霉菌毒素是真菌产生的次级代谢产物，对人类和牲畜构成重大风险。从曲霉产生的霉菌毒素，青霉,镰刀菌和镰刀菌被认为是最重要的，因此在食品和饲料中受到管制。分析主要由专家技术人员在集中实验室中通过官方实验室方法进行。迫切需要新的低成本产品，易于使用，和便携式分析设备，用于快速现场测定。在基于分子识别的生物分析技术领域中实现了最重要的进步。这篇综述旨在讨论针对真菌毒素的天然生物分子和新的生物启发材料的产生的最新进展，以开发可靠的基于生物受体的分析方法。在简要介绍了有关最重要的真菌毒素特征的基本知识之后，一代,好处,以及现有和新兴生物识别分子的局限性，如多克隆（pAb），单克隆抗体，重组抗体（rAb），适体,短肽，和分子印迹聚合物(MIP)，正在讨论。下文中，粘合剂在不同应用领域的使用，包括样品制备，基于微板和试管的测定，侧流装置,和生物传感器，突出显示。特别关注,在全球范围内，被置于单一受体分子的商业可用性上，测试套件，和使用多重基于珠子的悬浮测定和平面生物芯片阵列的生物传感器平台。未来展望特别强调新的挑战，例如越来越多地使用基于合成和幼稚抗体文库的rAb来放弃动物免疫，多分析物测试试剂盒和高通量多路复用，和掩蔽真菌毒素的测定，包括立体异构降解产物。
