Abstract：
Accumulating evidence indicates that individuals with schizophrenia show poor dietary habits that might account for increased susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases in this population. However, it remains unknown whether this observation can be generalized over the whole population of individuals with schizophrenia. Therefore, in this study we aimed to investigate dietary habits, in terms of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) in subjects with the deficit subtype of schizophrenia (SCZ-D), those with non-deficit subtype (SCZ-ND), and healthy controls (HCs). We recruited 45 individuals with SCZ-ND, 40 individuals with SCZ-D, and 60 HCs. Dietary habits were assessed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire-6 with a 12-month recall. Adherence to MD was decreased only in subjects with SCZ-D compared with HCs. Lower adherence to MD was associated with significantly higher levels of clinician-rated and self-reported negative symptoms (including alogia, avolition, and anhedonia). No significant correlations of adherence to MD with depressive symptoms were found. Lower adherence to MD was related to significantly higher body mass index in subjects with schizophrenia, but not in HCs. Our results indicate that poor adherence to MD is associated with a diagnosis of SCZ-D, higher severity of negative symptoms, and greater risk of developing overweight or obesity.
摘要：
越来越多的证据表明，精神分裂症患者表现出不良的饮食习惯，这可能是该人群对心血管疾病易感性增加的原因。然而,目前尚不清楚这一观察结果是否可以在精神分裂症患者的整个人群中推广。因此,在这项研究中，我们旨在调查饮食习惯，在患有精神分裂症缺陷亚型（SCZ-D）的受试者中坚持地中海饮食（MD）方面，那些具有非赤字亚型（SCZ-ND），和健康对照（HCs）。我们招募了45名SCZ-ND患者,40名SCZ-D患者,和60HCs。使用食物频率问卷-6评估饮食习惯，并进行12个月的召回。与HC相比，仅SCZ-D受试者对MD的依从性降低。对MD的依从性较低与临床医生评估的和自我报告的阴性症状（包括失语，废除,和hedonia）。没有发现坚持MD与抑郁症状的显着相关性。精神分裂症患者对MD的依从性较低与体重指数明显较高有关，但不是在HC中。我们的结果表明，对MD的依从性差与SCZ-D的诊断有关，阴性症状的严重程度更高，超重或肥胖的风险更大。
