Abstract：
Poverty broadly and financial stress owing to housing insecurity specifically are associated with an increased risk of child maltreatment. Therefore, it is possible that a program designed to increase access to affordable housing such as the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit program could reduce child maltreatment. The purpose of this study is to examine the association of the availability of housing units through the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program with the rates of child maltreatment reports, including reports for physical abuse and neglect, at the state and county levels.
Data were from the 2005‒2015 National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System and the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program database. Generalized estimating equations were conducted in 2021 to calculate rate ratios and 95% CIs, adjusting for relevant confounders.
At the state level, ≥25 compared with <25 Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program units per 100,000 population was associated with a lower rate of overall child maltreatment (i.e., neglect and physical abuse; rate ratio=0.96, 95% CI=0.93, 0.99), neglect (rate ratio=0.96, 95% CI=0.94, 0.99), and physical abuse (rate ratio=0.96, 95% CI=0.93, 1.00) reports. Similarly, at the county level, ≥1 compared with 0 Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program units per 100,000 population was associated with a lower rate of overall child maltreatment (rate ratio=0.94, 95% CI=0.92, 0.97), neglect (rate ratio=0.96, 95% CI=0.93, 0.98), and physical abuse (rate ratio=0.94, 95% CI=0.91, 0.98) reports.
Increasing access to affordable housing may be an effective strategy to reduce child maltreatment at both the state and county levels.
Data were from the 2005‒2015 National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System and the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program database. Generalized estimating equations were conducted in 2021 to calculate rate ratios and 95% CIs, adjusting for relevant confounders.
At the state level, ≥25 compared with <25 Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program units per 100,000 population was associated with a lower rate of overall child maltreatment (i.e., neglect and physical abuse; rate ratio=0.96, 95% CI=0.93, 0.99), neglect (rate ratio=0.96, 95% CI=0.94, 0.99), and physical abuse (rate ratio=0.96, 95% CI=0.93, 1.00) reports. Similarly, at the county level, ≥1 compared with 0 Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program units per 100,000 population was associated with a lower rate of overall child maltreatment (rate ratio=0.94, 95% CI=0.92, 0.97), neglect (rate ratio=0.96, 95% CI=0.93, 0.98), and physical abuse (rate ratio=0.94, 95% CI=0.91, 0.98) reports.
Increasing access to affordable housing may be an effective strategy to reduce child maltreatment at both the state and county levels.
摘要：
特别是由于住房不安全而造成的广泛贫困和财务压力与虐待儿童的风险增加有关。因此,这是可能的，一个计划，旨在增加获得负担得起的住房，如低收入住房税收抵免计划可以减少儿童虐待。这项研究的目的是通过低收入住房税收抵免计划检查住房单位的可用性与儿童虐待报告率之间的关系，包括身体虐待和忽视的报告，在州和县一级。
数据来自2005-2015年全国儿童虐待和忽视数据系统和低收入住房税收抵免计划数据库。2021年进行了广义估计方程，以计算比率和95%CI，调整相关的混杂因素。
在州一级，与每100,000人口中<25个低收入住房税收抵免计划单位相比，≥25个低收入住房税收抵免计划单位与总体儿童虐待率较低相关(即，忽视和身体虐待；比率=0.96，95%CI=0.93，0.99)，忽视(比率=0.96，95%CI=0.94，0.99)，和身体虐待（比率=0.96，95%CI=0.93，1.00）报告。同样，在县一级，与0相比，每100,000人口中的低收入住房税收抵免计划单位≥1与总体儿童虐待率较低相关（比率=0.94，95％CI=0.92，0.97），忽视(比率=0.96，95%CI=0.93，0.98)，和身体虐待（比率=0.94，95%CI=0.91，0.98）报告。
增加获得负担得起的住房可能是在州和县两级减少虐待儿童的有效策略。
数据来自2005-2015年全国儿童虐待和忽视数据系统和低收入住房税收抵免计划数据库。2021年进行了广义估计方程，以计算比率和95%CI，调整相关的混杂因素。
在州一级，与每100,000人口中<25个低收入住房税收抵免计划单位相比，≥25个低收入住房税收抵免计划单位与总体儿童虐待率较低相关(即，忽视和身体虐待；比率=0.96，95%CI=0.93，0.99)，忽视(比率=0.96，95%CI=0.94，0.99)，和身体虐待（比率=0.96，95%CI=0.93，1.00）报告。同样，在县一级，与0相比，每100,000人口中的低收入住房税收抵免计划单位≥1与总体儿童虐待率较低相关（比率=0.94，95％CI=0.92，0.97），忽视(比率=0.96，95%CI=0.93，0.98)，和身体虐待（比率=0.94，95%CI=0.91，0.98）报告。
增加获得负担得起的住房可能是在州和县两级减少虐待儿童的有效策略。
