Abstract：
Resistant starch (RS) confers many health benefits, mostly through the microbial production of SCFAs, but foods containing appreciable RS are limited. High-amylose wheat (HAW) is high in RS and lowers the glycemic response of foods, but whether it can improve gastrointestinal health measures is unknown.
The objective of this study was to determine whether daily consumption of HAW food products improved markers of gastrointestinal health in healthy men and women compared with similar foods made from conventional wheat.
Eighty healthy adults (47 women and 33 men) were enrolled in a 4-arm parallel, randomized-controlled, double-blind trial. After a 2-wk low-dietary fiber run-in period, they were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups: low-amylose wheat (LAW)-refined (LAW-R), LAW-wholemeal (LAW-W), HAW-refined (HAW-R), and HAW-wholemeal (HAW-W) and consumed the assigned test bread (160 g/d) and biscuits (75 g/d) for 4 wk. Fecal biochemical markers were measured at baseline and 4 wk. Microbial abundance and diversity were quantified using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and perceived gut comfort by a semiquantitative questionnaire completed at baseline, 2 wk, and 4 wk.
HAW showed similar effects on fecal output and excretion of total SCFA compared with LAW, but changes were observed in secondary measures for the refined treatment groups. At 4 wk, the HAW-R group had 38% higher fecal butyrate excretion than the LAW-R group (P < 0.05), and higher fecal SCFA-producing bacteria, Roseburia inulinivorans (P < 0.001), than at baseline. In comparison with baseline, LAW-R increased fecal p-cresol concentration, and fecal abundance of a p-cresol-producing bacterium, Clostridium from the Peptostreptococcaceae family, but both were reduced by HAW-R. Amylose level did not affect measures of fecal consistency or adversely affecting digestive comfort.
Increasing RS intake of healthy adults by substituting refined conventional wheat with refined HAW modulates fecal metabolites and microbes associated with gastrointestinal health.This trial was registered at anzctr.org.au as ACTRN12618001060235.
The objective of this study was to determine whether daily consumption of HAW food products improved markers of gastrointestinal health in healthy men and women compared with similar foods made from conventional wheat.
Eighty healthy adults (47 women and 33 men) were enrolled in a 4-arm parallel, randomized-controlled, double-blind trial. After a 2-wk low-dietary fiber run-in period, they were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups: low-amylose wheat (LAW)-refined (LAW-R), LAW-wholemeal (LAW-W), HAW-refined (HAW-R), and HAW-wholemeal (HAW-W) and consumed the assigned test bread (160 g/d) and biscuits (75 g/d) for 4 wk. Fecal biochemical markers were measured at baseline and 4 wk. Microbial abundance and diversity were quantified using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and perceived gut comfort by a semiquantitative questionnaire completed at baseline, 2 wk, and 4 wk.
HAW showed similar effects on fecal output and excretion of total SCFA compared with LAW, but changes were observed in secondary measures for the refined treatment groups. At 4 wk, the HAW-R group had 38% higher fecal butyrate excretion than the LAW-R group (P < 0.05), and higher fecal SCFA-producing bacteria, Roseburia inulinivorans (P < 0.001), than at baseline. In comparison with baseline, LAW-R increased fecal p-cresol concentration, and fecal abundance of a p-cresol-producing bacterium, Clostridium from the Peptostreptococcaceae family, but both were reduced by HAW-R. Amylose level did not affect measures of fecal consistency or adversely affecting digestive comfort.
Increasing RS intake of healthy adults by substituting refined conventional wheat with refined HAW modulates fecal metabolites and microbes associated with gastrointestinal health.This trial was registered at anzctr.org.au as ACTRN12618001060235.
摘要：
抗性淀粉（RS）赋予许多健康益处，主要是通过微生物生产SCFA，但是含有明显RS的食物是有限的。高直链淀粉小麦（HAW）RS含量高，可降低食物的血糖反应，但是否可以改善肠胃健康的措施是未知的。
这项研究的目的是确定与传统小麦制成的类似食品相比，每天食用HAW食品是否可以改善健康男性和女性的胃肠道健康指标。
80名健康成年人（47名女性和33名男性）参加了4臂平行实验，随机对照,双盲审判.经过2周的低膳食纤维磨合期，他们被随机分配到4个处理组中的1个：低直链淀粉小麦（LAW）-精制（LAW-R），全面法律(法律-W)，HAW精炼(HAW-R),和HAW全麦（HAW-W），并食用指定的测试面包（160g/d）和饼干（75g/d）4周。在基线和4周测量粪便生化标志物。使用16S核糖体RNA测序对微生物丰度和多样性进行定量，并通过基线时完成的半定量问卷感知肠道舒适度，2周，和4周。
与LAW相比，HAW对总SCFA的粪便排出量和排泄量具有相似的影响，但在精制治疗组的次要措施中观察到了变化.在4周，HAW-R组比LAW-R组粪便丁酸排泄量高38%(P<0.05),和更高的粪便SCFA产生细菌，菊花Roseburiainulinivorans(P<0.001)，比基线。与基线相比，LAW-R增加粪便对甲酚浓度，和粪便中大量产生对甲酚的细菌，来自肽链球菌科的梭菌，但是两者都被HAW-R减少了。直链淀粉水平不会影响粪便稠度或对消化舒适度产生不利影响。
通过用精制HAW代替精制的常规小麦来增加健康成年人的RS摄入量调节与胃肠道健康相关的粪便代谢物和微生物。该试验已在anzctr.org注册。AU为ACTRN12618001060235。
这项研究的目的是确定与传统小麦制成的类似食品相比，每天食用HAW食品是否可以改善健康男性和女性的胃肠道健康指标。
80名健康成年人（47名女性和33名男性）参加了4臂平行实验，
与LAW相比，HAW对总SCFA的粪便排出量和排泄量具有相似的影响，
通过用精制HAW代替精制的常规小麦来增加健康成年人的RS摄入量调节与胃肠道健康相关的粪便代谢物和微生物。
