Abstract：
As availability of parent-child interaction curricula increases, Early Head Start (EHS) provides a relevant context to test research-based parenting models as part of everyday practice. We trained EHS staff to incorporate the Promoting First Relationships (PFR) intervention into ongoing weekly home visits with mothers and their young children (n = 102) enrolled in EHS. Children had a mean age of 19.75 months and were 56% Hispanic, 23% Black, and 14% White. Families were randomly assigned to an intervention group where they participated in PFR as an EHS enhancement, or to a waitlist-control group where they received only typical EHS services. To explore the possibility that effectiveness of parent-child curricula may differ based on child characteristics, we used linear regression to examine children\'s temperament as a potential moderator of PFR efficacy on outcomes related to parenting stress, family functioning, and parent-child interaction. While we did not find a significant main effect of PFR for the full sample, there were several significant moderated effects. For families where children showed higher levels of surgency, mothers\' parenting stress was significantly reduced after PFR participation. Also, when children showed higher levels of negative affect, mothers demonstrated higher sensitivity in parent-child interactions after participating in PFR. Given findings from our exploratory study, agencies should consider the characteristics of families served and the match with intervention priorities, when selecting intervention programs. When delivered as a home visitation enhancement, PFR may be a valuable support for certain enrolled families, based on child characteristics including high levels of surgency or negative affect.
摘要：
随着亲子互动课程的可用性增加，早期开始（EHS）提供了相关的背景来测试基于研究的育儿模式，作为日常实践的一部分。我们对EHS工作人员进行了培训，将促进第一关系（PFR）干预措施纳入参加EHS的母亲及其幼儿（n=102）的每周持续家访中。儿童平均年龄为19.75个月，56%为西班牙裔，23%黑色,14%的白人家庭被随机分配到一个干预组，他们参与PFR作为EHS增强，或到一个等待名单控制组，他们只收到典型的EHS服务。为了探索亲子课程的有效性可能会根据孩子的特征而有所不同的可能性，我们使用线性回归来检验儿童的气质作为PFR功效对与育儿压力相关的结局的潜在调节因子,家庭功能,和亲子互动。虽然我们没有发现PFR对整个样本有显著的主要影响，有几个显著的调节作用。对于孩子们表现出更高的摄政程度的家庭来说，参与PFR后，母亲的育儿压力显着降低。此外，当儿童表现出更高水平的负面影响时，母亲参与PFR后,在亲子互动中表现出更高的敏感性.鉴于我们探索性研究的结果，机构应考虑所服务家庭的特点以及与干预优先事项的匹配，选择干预方案时。当作为家访增强工具交付时，PFR可能是某些注册家庭的宝贵支持，基于儿童特征，包括高水平的摄政或负面影响。
