Abstract：
Background and Objectives: Trichinellosis, a serious and sometimes fatal human disease, is a foodborne zoonotic disease with worldwide distribution caused by parasitic nematodes of the genus Trichinella. Humans are infected with Trichinella larvae through the ingestion of meat that has not been properly cooked. Romania reported most of the confirmed cases of trichinellosis among the EU countries. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate, for the first time, the seroprevalence and risk factors of Trichinella infection in blood donors from Western Romania. Materials and Methods: Serum samples of 1347 consecutive blood donors were investigated using an immunoenzymaticassay (ELISA) for the determination of specific IgG class antibodies against T.spiralis. A questionnaire interview was used to obtain information regarding the potential risk factors associated with T. spiralis infection. Mantel-Haenszel chi-squared test or the Fisher exact two-tailed test, as appropriate, were used for comparison between T. spiralis positive and T. spiralis negative blood donors. Student\'s t-test was used to evaluate differences between means in studied groups and body mass index was calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by height in meters squared. Statistical analysis was performed using Epi Info Version 7.2 and Stata 16.1. Results: T. spiralis IgG antibodies were detected in 2.00% (27) of 1347 consecutive blood donors. Eating raw and/or undercooked meat, from pigs or wild boars, was found to be the main risk factor (p < 0.001). Strong alcoholic drink consumption was highly associated with T. spiralis infection (p = 0.009). Trichinella seroprevalence was higher among rural residents and males. Subjects identified as Trichinella seropositive were not previously diagnosed and have not been treated for Trichinella infection with any specific therapy. Conclusions: The demonstration of T. spiralis antibodies in healthy blood donors suggests that Trichinella infection may be detected in asymptomatic individuals that were not previously diagnosed with this zoonosis.
摘要：
背景和目的：旋毛虫病，一种严重的，有时是致命的人类疾病，是一种食源性人畜共患疾病，由旋毛虫属的寄生线虫引起，在世界范围内分布。人类通过摄入未正确煮熟的肉而感染旋毛虫幼虫。罗马尼亚报告了欧盟国家中大多数确诊的旋毛虫病病例。这项横断面研究的目的是评估，第一次,罗马尼亚西部献血者中旋毛虫感染的血清阳性率和危险因素。材料和方法：使用免疫酶测定法（ELISA）研究了1347名连续献血者的血清样品，以测定针对螺旋藻的特异性IgG类抗体。使用问卷访谈来获得有关与旋毛虫感染相关的潜在危险因素的信息。Mantel-Haenszel卡方检验或Fisher精确双尾检验，在适当的情况下,用于比较旋毛虫阳性和旋毛虫阴性献血者。使用学生t检验来评估研究组中均值之间的差异，并通过将千克体重除以米平方的身高来计算体重指数。使用EpiInfo版本7.2和Stata16.1进行统计分析。结果：在1347名连续献血者中，有2.00%（27）的人检测到螺旋体IgG抗体。吃生肉和/或未煮熟的肉，从猪或野猪，被发现是主要的危险因素(p<0.001)。强烈的酒精饮料消费与旋毛虫感染高度相关(p=0.009)。毛毛虫血清阳性率在农村居民和男性中较高。被鉴定为旋毛虫血清阳性的受试者以前没有被诊断出并且没有用任何特定疗法治疗旋毛虫感染。结论：健康献血者中旋毛虫抗体的证明表明，可以在先前未被诊断为这种人畜共患病的无症状个体中检测到旋毛虫感染。
