Abstract：
Background and Objectives: Tobacco is today the single most preventable cause of death, being associated with countless diseases, including cancer and neurological, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases. Smoking also brings negative consequences to oral health, potentially impairing treatment with dental implants. The present review aimed to evaluate the influence of smoking on dental implant failure rates and marginal bone loss (MBL). Materials and Methods: Electronic search was undertaken in three databases, plus a manual search of journals. Meta-analyses were performed, in addition to meta-regressions, in order to verify how the odds ratio (OR) and MBL were associated with follow-up time. Results: The review included 292 publications. Altogether, there were 35,511 and 114,597 implants placed in smokers and in non-smokers, respectively. Pairwise meta-analysis showed that implants in smokers had a higher failure risk in comparison with non-smokers (OR 2.402, p < 0.001). The difference in implant failure between the groups was statistically significant in the maxilla (OR 2.910, p < 0.001), as well as in the mandible (OR 2.866, p < 0.001). The MBL mean difference (MD) between the groups was 0.580 mm (p < 0.001). There was an estimated decrease of 0.001 in OR (p = 0.566) and increase of 0.004 mm (p = 0.279) in the MBL MD between groups for every additional month of follow-up, although without statistical significance. Therefore, there was no clear influence of the follow-up on the effect size (OR) and on MBL MD between groups. Conclusions: Implants placed in smokers present a 140.2% higher risk of failure than implants placed in non-smokers.
摘要：
背景和目的：烟草是当今唯一最可预防的死亡原因，与无数疾病相关，包括癌症和神经学，心血管,和呼吸道疾病。吸烟还会给口腔健康带来负面影响，可能损害牙科植入物的治疗。本综述旨在评估吸烟对牙种植体失败率和边缘骨丢失（MBL）的影响。材料和方法：在三个数据库中进行电子搜索，加上手动搜索期刊。进行了荟萃分析，除了元回归，以验证比值比(OR)和MBL与随访时间的相关性.结果：该综述包括292篇出版物。总之,在吸烟者和非吸烟者中放置了35,511和114,597植入物，分别。成对荟萃分析显示，与不吸烟者相比，吸烟者植入物的失败风险更高（OR2.402，p<0.001）。上颌骨种植体失败组间差异有统计学意义(OR2.910,p<0.001),以及下颌骨（OR2.866，p<0.001）。两组之间的MBL平均差异（MD）为0.580mm（p<0.001）。随访每增加一个月，两组之间的MBLMD估计OR降低0.001（p=0.566），MBLMD增加0.004mm（p=0.279）。虽然没有统计学意义。因此,随访对组间效应大小(OR)和MBLMD无明显影响.结论：植入吸烟者的植入物比植入非吸烟者的植入物的失败风险高140.2%。
