PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The RHO GTPase family has been suggested to play critical roles in cell growth, migration, and polarization. Regulators and effectors of RHO GTPases have been extensively explored in recent years. However, little attention has been given to RHO family interacting cell polarization regulators (RIPORs), a recently discovered protein family of RHO regulators. RIPOR proteins, namely, RIPOR1-3, bind directly to RHO proteins (A, B and C) via a RHO-binding motif and exert suppressive effects on RHO activity, thereby negatively influencing RHO-regulated cellular functions. In addition, RIPORs are phosphorylated by upstream protein kinases under chemokine stimulation, and this phosphorylation affects not only their subcellular localization but also their interaction with RHO proteins, altering the activation of RHO downstream targets and ultimately impacting cell polarity and migration. In this review, we provide an overview of recent studies on the function of RIPOR proteins in regulating RHO-dependent directional movement in immune responses and other pathophysiological functions.
摘要：
RHOGTPase家族已被认为在细胞生长中起关键作用，迁移,和两极分化。近年来，RHOGTP酶的调节因子和效应因子已被广泛研究。然而,很少关注RHO家族相互作用细胞极化调节剂(RIPOR)，最近发现的RHO调节蛋白家族。RIPOR蛋白,即,RIPOR1-3，直接与RHO蛋白结合（A，B和C）通过RHO结合基序并对RHO活性发挥抑制作用，从而负面影响RHO调节的细胞功能。此外,RIPOR在趋化因子刺激下被上游蛋白激酶磷酸化，这种磷酸化不仅影响它们的亚细胞定位，还影响它们与RHO蛋白的相互作用，改变RHO下游靶标的激活并最终影响细胞极性和迁移。在这次审查中,我们概述了RIPOR蛋白在调节免疫应答中RHO依赖性定向运动和其他病理生理功能方面的最新研究。
