PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The Near East climate ranges from arid to a Mediterranean, under which local wheat landraces have been grown for over millennia, assumingly accumulating a unique repertoire of genetic adaptations. In the current study, we subjected a subset of the Israeli Palestinian Landraces (IPLR) collection (n = 19: durum and bread wheat landraces, modern wheat cultivars, and landraces mixtures) to full-field evaluation. The multifield experiment included a semiarid site (2018-2019, 2019-2020) under low (L) and high (H) supplementary irrigation, and a Mediterranean site (2019-2020). Water availability had a major impact on crop performance. This was reflected in a strong discrimination between environments for biomass productivity and yield components. Compared to landraces, modern cultivars exhibited significantly higher grain yield (GY) across environments (+102%) reflecting the effect of the Green Revolution. However, under the Gilat19 (L) environment, this productivity gap was significantly reduced (only +39%). Five excelling landraces and the durum mix exhibited good agronomic potential across all trails. This was expressed in relatively high GY (2.3-2.85 t ha-1), early phenology (86-96 days to heading) and lodging resistance. Given the growing interest of stakeholders and consumers, these might be considered future candidates for the local artisanal wheat grain market. Yet, this step should be taken only after establishing an adjustable field management protocol.
摘要：
近东气候从干旱到地中海，当地的小麦品种已经种植了几千年，假设积累了独特的遗传适应库。在目前的研究中,我们对以色列巴勒斯坦地方品种（IPLR）集合的一个子集（n=19：硬粒和面包小麦地方品种，现代小麦品种，和地方品种混合物）进行全场评估。多田实验包括低（L）和高（H）补充灌溉下的半干旱站点（2018-2019年，2019-2020年），和地中海遗址（2019-2020年）。水的可用性对作物性能有重大影响。这反映在对生物质生产率和产量组分的环境之间的强烈区分上。与地方品种相比，现代品种在整个环境中表现出明显更高的谷物产量（GY）（102％），反映了绿色革命的影响。然而,在Gilat19(L)环境下，这一生产力差距显著缩小(仅+39%)。五种出色的地方品种和硬粒混合物在所有步道中都表现出良好的农艺潜力。这表示为相对较高的GY(2.3-2.85tha-1)，早期物候（86-96天抽穗）和抗倒伏性。鉴于利益相关者和消费者日益增长的兴趣，这些可能被认为是当地手工小麦谷物市场的未来候选人。然而，只有在建立可调整的现场管理协议之后，才应采取此步骤。
