PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Pesticides of different chemical classes exert their toxic effects on the nervous system by acting on the different regulatory mechanisms of calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis. Pesticides have been shown to alter Ca2+ homeostasis, mainly by increasing its intracellular concentration above physiological levels. The pesticide-induced Ca2+ overload occurs through two main mechanisms: the entry of Ca2+ from the extracellular medium through the different types of Ca2+ channels present in the plasma membrane or its release into the cytoplasm from intracellular stocks, mainly from the endoplasmic reticulum. It has also been observed that intracellular increases in the Ca2+ concentrations are maintained over time, because pesticides inhibit the enzymes involved in reducing its levels. Thus, the alteration of Ca2+ levels can lead to the activation of various signaling pathways that generate oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and, finally, neuronal death. In this review, we also discuss some proposed strategies to counteract the detrimental effects of pesticides on Ca2+ homeostasis.
摘要：
不同化学类别的农药通过作用于钙（Ca2）稳态的不同调节机制而对神经系统发挥毒性作用。农药已被证明可以改变Ca2稳态，主要通过增加其细胞内浓度高于生理水平。农药诱导的Ca2超负荷通过两种主要机制发生：Ca2从细胞外介质通过质膜中存在的不同类型的Ca2通道进入或从细胞内原液释放到细胞质中，主要来自内质网。还观察到，随着时间的推移，细胞内Ca2+浓度的增加得以维持。因为杀虫剂会抑制参与降低其水平的酶。因此，Ca2+水平的改变可以导致产生氧化应激的各种信号通路的激活,神经炎症和，最后,神经元死亡。在这次审查中,我们还讨论了一些拟议的策略来抵消农药对Ca2稳态的有害影响。
