Abstract：
Water and/or soap and water solutions have historically been used as first-line decontamination strategies for a wide variety of dermal contaminants from workplace exposure, environmental pesticides, and civilian chemical warfare. Although water and/or soap and water solutions are often considered a gold standard of decontamination, many studies have found other decontamination methods to be superior. This systematic review summarizes the available data on in vitro animal models contaminated with a various chemicals and their decontamination with water and/or soap and water solutions using in vitro animal models. A comprehensive literature search was performed using Concordance, Embase, PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to find in vitro animal studies that provided data on dermal decontamination using water and/or soap and water solutions. Five studies were included that analyzed 11 contaminants across two in vitro animal models (rats and pigs). Water alone was used as a decontamination method for 63.6% of the contaminants (n = 7/11) and water and soap solutions for decontamination in 54.6% of contaminants (n = 6/11). Water alone provided incomplete contaminant removal of five of seven contaminants studied; soap and water did not show significant difference in decontamination when compared with other solutions for all four contaminants and was superior to water for both contaminants studied. Water and/or soap and water are used as decontamination strategies for a variety of dermal contamination events, but for many contaminants, they do not provide complete contamination when compared with newer decontamination solutions studied with in vitro animal models.
摘要：
水和/或肥皂和水溶液历来被用作一线净化策略，用于处理来自工作场所暴露的各种皮肤污染物，环境杀虫剂,和民用化学战。尽管水和/或肥皂和水溶液通常被认为是净化的黄金标准，许多研究发现其他去污方法是优越的。本系统综述总结了有关受各种化学物质污染的体外动物模型以及使用体外动物模型用水和/或肥皂和水溶液对其进行净化的可用数据。使用一致性进行了全面的文献检索，Embase,PubMed,Medline,WebofScience,和谷歌学者找到体外动物研究，这些研究提供了使用水和/或肥皂和水溶液进行皮肤净化的数据。包括五项研究，分析了两种体外动物模型（大鼠和猪）中的11种污染物。单独使用水作为对63.6％的污染物（n=7/11）的净化方法，并使用水和肥皂溶液对54.6％的污染物（n=6/11）进行净化。仅用水就可以不完全去除所研究的七种污染物中的五种；与其他四种污染物相比，肥皂和水在去污方面没有显着差异，并且在所研究的两种污染物中都优于水。水和/或肥皂和水被用作各种皮肤污染事件的去污策略，但是对于许多污染物，与体外动物模型研究的较新的去污溶液相比，它们不能提供完全污染。
