Abstract：
Cellulitis, an infection involving the deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue, is the most common reason for skin-related hospitalization and is seen by clinicians across various disciplines in the inpatient, outpatient, and emergency room settings, but it can present as a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Cellulitis is a clinical diagnosis based on the history of present illness and physical examination and lacks a gold standard for diagnosis. Clinical presentation with acute onset of redness, warmth, swelling, and tenderness and pain is typical. However, cellulitis can be difficult to diagnose due to a number of infectious and non-infectious clinical mimickers such as venous stasis dermatitis, contact dermatitis, eczema, lymphedema, and erythema migrans. Microbiological diagnosis is often unobtainable due to poor sensitivity of culture specimens. The majority of non-purulent, uncomplicated cases of cellulitis are caused by β-hemolytic streptococci or methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, and appropriate targeted coverage of this pathogen with oral antibiotics such as penicillin, amoxicillin, and cephalexin is sufficient. Even with rising rates of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, coverage for non-purulent cellulitis is generally not recommended.
摘要：
蜂窝织炎,涉及深层真皮和皮下组织的感染，是皮肤相关住院的最常见原因，住院患者的各个学科的临床医生都可以看到，门诊病人,和急诊室设置，但它可以作为诊断和治疗的挑战。蜂窝织炎是基于现病史和体格检查的临床诊断，缺乏诊断的金标准。临床表现为急性发红，温暖,肿胀,压痛和疼痛是典型的。然而,由于一些感染性和非感染性临床模拟物，如静脉淤滞性皮炎，蜂窝织炎可能难以诊断，接触性皮炎,湿疹,淋巴水肿,和红斑偏头痛。由于培养标本的敏感性差，通常无法获得微生物学诊断。大多数非化脓性的，无并发症的蜂窝织炎是由β溶血性链球菌或甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌引起的，用口服抗生素如青霉素适当地靶向覆盖这种病原体，阿莫西林,和头孢氨苄是足够的。即使社区获得性耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的发病率上升，通常不建议覆盖非化脓性蜂窝织炎。
