PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Modifications to electronic nicoti ne delivery systems (ENDS) can pose health risks to users. This study explored users\' motivations for modifying ENDS devices and how perceived risks of modifications influenced modification behaviors as product availability and device characteristics changed over time.
We conducted nine focus groups (February-June 2020) with 32 current ENDS users (18+, used ENDS in the past 30 days, and had been using ENDS for more than 2 months).
Participants primarily modified ENDS devices to improve their experiences, such as experimenting with flavor, controlling nicotine levels, or using cannabis products with ENDS. Another reason for modifying was routine maintenance to ensure a satisfactory experience, including maintaining coils and keeping batteries charged. The broader availability of ENDS products shifted modification behaviors over time, with newer devices making some modifications (e.g., coil replacement) easier and making more intricate modifications (e.g., building coil from scratch) less common. Participants were aware of modification dangers and cited perceived risk as the reason for avoiding certain modifications, such as battery alterations.
Modifications of ENDS are ongoing and evolving among users and should be considered by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other regulatory decision-makers as product authorization reviews are conducted and product standards are developed.
We conducted nine focus groups (February-June 2020) with 32 current ENDS users (18+, used ENDS in the past 30 days, and had been using ENDS for more than 2 months).
Participants primarily modified ENDS devices to improve their experiences, such as experimenting with flavor, controlling nicotine levels, or using cannabis products with ENDS. Another reason for modifying was routine maintenance to ensure a satisfactory experience, including maintaining coils and keeping batteries charged. The broader availability of ENDS products shifted modification behaviors over time, with newer devices making some modifications (e.g., coil replacement) easier and making more intricate modifications (e.g., building coil from scratch) less common. Participants were aware of modification dangers and cited perceived risk as the reason for avoiding certain modifications, such as battery alterations.
Modifications of ENDS are ongoing and evolving among users and should be considered by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other regulatory decision-makers as product authorization reviews are conducted and product standards are developed.
摘要：
对电子尼古丁递送系统(ENDS)的修改可能对用户构成健康风险。这项研究探讨了用户修改ENDS设备的动机，以及随着产品可用性和设备特性的变化，修改的感知风险如何影响修改行为。
我们进行了9个焦点小组（2020年2月至6月），目前有32个ENDS用户（18+，在过去30天内使用了ENDS，并且已经使用ENDS超过2个月)。
参与者主要修改ENDS设备以改善他们的体验，比如尝试味道，控制尼古丁水平，或使用带有末端的大麻产品。修改的另一个原因是日常维护，以确保满意的体验，包括维护线圈和保持电池充电。随着时间的推移，ENDS产品的更广泛可用性改变了修改行为，对于较新的设备进行一些修改(例如，线圈更换)更容易，更复杂的修改(例如，从头开始构建线圈)不太常见。参与者意识到修改的危险，并将感知的风险作为避免某些修改的原因，如电池更换。
ENDS的修改正在进行中，并且在用户之间不断发展，食品和药物管理局（FDA）和其他监管决策者应在进行产品授权审查和制定产品标准时予以考虑。
我们进行了9个焦点小组（2020年2月至6月），目前有32个ENDS用户（18+，在过去30天内使用了ENDS，并且已经使用ENDS超过2个月)。
参与者主要修改ENDS设备以改善他们的体验，比如尝试味道，控制尼古丁水平，或使用带有末端的大麻产品。修改的另一个原因是日常维护，以确保满意的体验，包括维护线圈和保持电池充电。随着时间的推移，ENDS产品的更广泛可用性改变了修改行为，对于较新的设备进行一些修改(例如，线圈更换)更容易，更复杂的修改(例如，从头开始构建线圈)不太常见。参与者意识到修改的危险，并将感知的风险作为避免某些修改的原因，如电池更换。
ENDS的修改正在进行中，并且在用户之间不断发展，食品和药物管理局（FDA）和其他监管决策者应在进行产品授权审查和制定产品标准时予以考虑。
