Abstract：
Ayahuasca, the vine of the souls in Quechua, is a psychedelic brew with a few formulations that most often include the bark of a liana in the Malpighiaceae family (Banisteriopsis caapi), with leaves from a shrub in the coffee family Rubiaceae (Psychotria viridis). Mixed with water and boiled for hours or days, it produces a brownish-colored liquid with a strong and characteristic taste. Ayahuasca contains the psychedelic tryptamine N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), and Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOi), and in the past few years, it has been tested. In recent years its antidepressant properties have been put to the test. Evidence from open and randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials has shown encouraging results, indicating significant and rapid antidepressant effects, starting as early as 1 day after the ayahuasca intervention. In addition, we have explored the nature of these effects using multivariate measures. In this article, we will review the history, pharmacology, clinical trials, and clinical and behavioral markers associated with the antidepressant effects of ayahuasca.
摘要：
Ayahuasca,盖丘亚语灵魂的葡萄树，是一种迷幻的啤酒，有几种配方，最常见的配方包括Malpighiaceae家族（Banisteriopsiscaapi）中藤本植物的树皮，用咖啡科茜草科（Psychotriaviridis）的灌木叶子。与水混合并煮沸数小时或数天，它产生一种棕色的液体，具有强烈和特征性的味道。Ayahuasca含有迷幻色胺N，N-二甲基色胺(DMT),和单胺氧化酶抑制剂（MAOi），在过去的几年里，它已经过测试。近年来，它的抗抑郁特性已得到测试。来自开放和随机安慰剂对照临床试验的证据显示出令人鼓舞的结果，表明显著和快速的抗抑郁作用，早在ayahuasca干预后1天开始。此外,我们已经使用多变量措施探索了这些影响的性质。在这篇文章中,我们将回顾历史，药理学,临床试验,以及与ayahuasca抗抑郁作用相关的临床和行为标志物。
