Abstract：
The structural and functional diversities of the microbial ecosystem on the grape surface affect the health of berries and the flavor of wines, which are also changed by many factors such as climate, weather conditions, agronomic practices, and physiological development. To understand and explore the natural characteristics of the grape surface microbial ecosystem during ripening, the species composition and dynamics of fungal and bacterial communities on the skin of Ecolly grape were determined by Illumina Novaseq platform sequencing. The results showed that 2146 fungal OTUs and 4175 bacterial OTUs were obtained, belonging to four fungal phyla and 20 bacterial phyla. The Shannon index indicated that the fungal community had the highest species diversity at the véraison stage and the bacterial community at the harvest stage. The four dominant fungal genera during grape ripening were Alternaria, Naganishia, Filobasidium, and Aureobasidium, which accounted for 82.8% of the total fungal community, and the dominant bacterial genera included Sphingomonas, Brevundimonas, Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium, and Massilia, which accounted for 77.9% of the total bacterial community. The species richness and diversity in the grape microbial ecosystem changed constantly during the maturation stages, and there were strong correlations between certain core microbial genera, which may have an important impact on the function and ecological role of the community. This study provides a basis for understanding the natural characteristics of the microbial ecosystem on the grape surface during grape ripening, as well as the sustainable production concept of the microecology driving the viticulture management system.
摘要：
葡萄表面微生物生态系统的结构和功能多样性影响浆果的健康和葡萄酒的风味,这也是由许多因素改变的，例如气候，天气条件,农艺实践，和生理发育。了解和探索葡萄成熟过程中表面微生物生态系统的自然特征,通过IlluminaNovaseq平台测序确定了Ecolly葡萄皮肤上真菌和细菌群落的物种组成和动态。结果表明，获得了2146个真菌OTUs和4175个细菌OTUs，属于4个真菌门和20个细菌门。Shannon指数表明，真菌群落在收获阶段具有最高的物种多样性，而细菌群落在收获阶段具有最高的物种多样性。葡萄成熟过程中的四个优势真菌属是链格孢菌，Naganishia,Filobasidium,和梭子蟹，占真菌群落总数的82.8%，优势细菌属包括鞘氨醇单胞菌，Brevundimonas,异型根瘤菌-新根瘤菌-副根瘤菌-根瘤菌，还有Massilia,占细菌群落总数的77.9%。葡萄微生物生态系统的物种丰富度和多样性在成熟期不断变化,某些核心微生物属之间有很强的相关性，可能对群落的功能和生态作用产生重要影响。本研究为了解葡萄成熟过程中葡萄表面微生物生态系统的自然特性提供了依据,以及微生态驱动葡萄栽培管理系统的可持续生产理念。
