PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Patterns of vocal communication have implications for species conservation: a change in calling behaviour can, for instance, reflect a disturbed habitat. More importantly, call rate is a parameter that allows conservation planners to convert call density into animal density, when detecting calls with a passive acoustic monitoring system (PAM).
METHODS: We investigated chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) call rate during the late dry season in the Issa Valley, western Tanzania by conducting focal follows. We examined the socio-ecological factors that influence call production rate of savanna woodland chimpanzees.
RESULTS: We found that sex, proportion of time spent in a vegetation type, proportion of time spent travelling, time of the day, party size and swollen parous female presence had a significant effect on the call rate. Call rate differed among the different demographic classes with subadult and adult males vocalising twice as often as the subadult and adult females and three times as often as the juveniles.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of PAM and recent statistical developments to estimate animal density is promising but relies on our knowing individual call rate, often not available for many species. With the improvement in automatic call detection, we anticipate that PAM will increasingly be broadly applied to primates but also across taxa, for conservation.
METHODS: We investigated chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) call rate during the late dry season in the Issa Valley, western Tanzania by conducting focal follows. We examined the socio-ecological factors that influence call production rate of savanna woodland chimpanzees.
RESULTS: We found that sex, proportion of time spent in a vegetation type, proportion of time spent travelling, time of the day, party size and swollen parous female presence had a significant effect on the call rate. Call rate differed among the different demographic classes with subadult and adult males vocalising twice as often as the subadult and adult females and three times as often as the juveniles.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of PAM and recent statistical developments to estimate animal density is promising but relies on our knowing individual call rate, often not available for many species. With the improvement in automatic call detection, we anticipate that PAM will increasingly be broadly applied to primates but also across taxa, for conservation.
摘要：
背景：声音交流模式对物种保护有影响：呼叫行为的变化可以，例如,反映了一个受干扰的栖息地。更重要的是,呼叫率是一个参数，允许保护规划者将呼叫密度转换为动物密度，当使用无源声学监测系统(PAM)检测呼叫时。
方法：我们调查了伊萨河谷旱季后期黑猩猩（Pantroglodytesschweinfurthii）的呼叫率，坦桑尼亚西部通过进行焦点跟踪。我们研究了影响稀树草原林地黑猩猩呼叫率的社会生态因素。
结果：我们发现性，在植被类型中花费的时间比例，旅行时间的比例，一天的时间，聚会人数和肿胀的女性存在对通话率有显着影响。在不同的人口统计学类别中，呼叫率有所不同，亚成人和成年男性的发声频率是亚成人和成年女性的两倍，是青少年的三倍。
结论：使用PAM和最近的统计发展来估计动物密度是有希望的，但依赖于我们知道的个人呼叫率，通常不适用于许多物种。随着自动呼叫检测的改进，我们预计PAM将越来越广泛地应用于灵长类动物，为了保护。
方法：我们调查了伊萨河谷旱季后期黑猩猩（Pantroglodytesschweinfurthii）的呼叫率，坦桑尼亚西部通过进行焦点跟踪。我们研究了影响稀树草原林地黑猩猩呼叫率的社会生态因素。
结果：我们发现性，在植被类型中花费的时间比例，旅行时间的比例，一天的时间，聚会人数和肿胀的女性存在对通话率有显着影响。在不同的人口统计学类别中，呼叫率有所不同，亚成人和成年男性的发声频率是亚成人和成年女性的两倍，是青少年的三倍。
结论：使用PAM和最近的统计发展来估计动物密度是有希望的，但依赖于我们知道的个人呼叫率，通常不适用于许多物种。随着自动呼叫检测的改进，我们预计PAM将越来越广泛地应用于灵长类动物，为了保护。
