PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Although schizophrenia is associated with increased presynaptic dopamine function in the striatum, it remains unclear if neuromelanin levels, which are thought to serve as a biomarker for midbrain dopamine neuron function, are increased in patients with schizophrenia. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and postmortem studies comparing neuromelanin (NM) levels between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls (HCs). Standard mean differences were calculated to assess group differences in NM accumulation levels between patients with schizophrenia and HCs. This study included 7 articles in total. Five studies employed NM-sensitive MRI (NM-MRI) and two were postmortem brain studies. The patient group (n = 163) showed higher NM levels in the substantia nigra (SN) than HCs (n = 228) in both the analysis of the seven studies and the subgroup analysis of the 5 NM-MRI studies. This analysis suggest increased NM levels in the SN may be a potential biomarker for stratifying schizophrenia, warranting further research that accounts for the heterogeneity of this disorder.
摘要：
尽管精神分裂症与纹状体的突触前多巴胺功能增加有关，目前还不清楚神经黑色素水平，它们被认为是中脑多巴胺神经元功能的生物标志物，在精神分裂症患者中增加。我们对磁共振成像（MRI）和验尸研究进行了系统评价和荟萃分析，比较了精神分裂症患者和健康对照（HC）之间的神经黑色素（NM）水平。计算标准平均差异以评估精神分裂症患者和HCs患者之间NM积累水平的组差异。本研究共7篇。五项研究采用了NM敏感的MRI（NM-MRI），两项是死后的脑部研究。在7项研究的分析和5项NM-MRI研究的亚组分析中，患者组（n=163）在黑质（SN）中的NM水平高于HC（n=228）。这项分析表明，SN中NM水平的增加可能是精神分裂症分层的潜在生物标志物。需要进一步的研究来解释这种疾病的异质性。
