PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Loss of basic utilities, such as drinking water and electricity distribution, were sustained for months in the aftermath of Hurricane Maria\'s (HM) landfall in Puerto Rico (PR) in September 2017. The goal of this study was to assess if there was deterioration in biological quality of drinking water due to these disruptions. This study characterized the microbial composition of drinking water following HM across nine drinking water systems (DWSs) in PR and utilized an extended temporal sampling campaign to determine if changes in the drinking water microbiome were indicative of HM associated disturbance followed by recovery. In addition to monitoring water chemistry, the samples were subjected to culture independent targeted and non-targeted microbial analysis including quantitative PCR (qPCR) and genome-resolved metagenomics. The qPCR results showed that residual disinfectant was the major driver of bacterial concentrations in tap water with marked decrease in concentrations from early to late sampling timepoints. While Mycobacterium avium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were not detected in any sampling locations and timepoints, genetic material from Leptospira and Legionella pneumophila were transiently detected in a few sampling locations. The majority of metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) recovered from these samples were not associated with pathogens and were consistent with bacterial community members routinely detected in DWSs. Further, whole metagenome-level comparisons between drinking water samples collected in this study with samples from other full-scale DWS indicated no significant deviation from expected community membership of the drinking water microbiome. Overall, our results suggest that disruptions due to HM did not result in significant and sustained deterioration of biological quality of drinking water at our study sites.
摘要：
基本公用事业的损失，如饮用水和电力分配，在2017年9月飓风玛丽亚（HM）登陆波多黎各（PR）后持续了几个月。这项研究的目的是评估是否由于这些破坏而导致饮用水的生物质量恶化。这项研究表征了PR中9个饮用水系统（DWS）的HM后饮用水的微生物组成，并利用了扩展的时间采样活动来确定饮用水微生物组的变化是否表明HM相关的干扰，然后恢复。除了监测水化学，对样品进行培养无关的靶向和非靶向微生物分析,包括定量PCR(qPCR)和基因组分辨宏基因组学.qPCR结果表明，残留的消毒剂是自来水中细菌浓度的主要驱动因素，从早期到晚期采样时间点的浓度显着降低。虽然在任何采样地点和时间点均未检测到鸟分枝杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌，在一些采样位置短暂检测到钩端螺旋体和嗜肺军团菌的遗传物质。从这些样品中回收的大多数宏基因组组装基因组（MAG）与病原体无关，并且与DWS中常规检测到的细菌群落成员一致。Further,本研究中收集的饮用水样本与其他全尺寸DWS样本之间的整体宏基因组水平比较表明,饮用水微生物组的预期社区成员没有显著偏差.总的来说,我们的结果表明,在我们的研究地点,由于HM引起的破坏并未导致饮用水生物质量的显著和持续恶化.
