PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Development is often driven by signaling and lineage-specific cues, yielding highly uniform and reproducible outcomes. Development also involves mechanisms that generate noise in gene expression and random patterns across tissues. Cells sometimes randomly choose between two or more cell fates in a mechanism called stochastic cell fate specification. This process diversifies cell types in otherwise homogenous tissues. Stochastic mechanisms have been extensively studied in prokaryotes where noisy gene activation plays a pivotal role in controlling cell fates. In eukaryotes, transcriptional repression stochastically limits gene expression to generate random patterns and specify cell fates. Here, we review our current understanding of repressive mechanisms that produce random patterns of gene expression and cell fates in flies, plants, mice, and humans.
摘要：
发展通常是由信号和谱系特定的线索驱动的，产生高度均匀和可重复的结果。开发还涉及在基因表达中产生噪声和跨组织的随机模式的机制。细胞有时在称为随机细胞命运规范的机制中在两个或多个细胞命运之间随机选择。该过程使原本同质的组织中的细胞类型多样化。在原核生物中已经广泛研究了随机机制，其中嘈杂的基因激活在控制细胞命运中起着关键作用。在真核生物中,转录抑制随机限制基因表达以产生随机模式并指定细胞命运。这里,我们回顾了我们目前对在果蝇中产生随机基因表达和细胞命运的抑制机制的理解，植物,老鼠,和人类。
