Abstract：
This study aimed to summarize the evidence regarding the effects of dietary intake before conception on pregnancy outcomes by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Electronic databases were searched from inception up to August 2021. Overall, 65 studies involving 831 798 participants were included and 38 studies were quantitatively pooled. With regard to maternal outcomes, pre-pregnancy intake of fried food, fast food, red and processed meat, heme iron and a low-carbohydrate dietary pattern was positively associated with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (all P < 0.05). However, a high dietary fiber intake and folic acid supplementation were negatively associated with GDM risk (both P < 0.05). With regard to neonatal outcomes, maternal caffeine intake before pregnancy significantly increased the risk of spontaneous abortion, while folic acid supplementation had protective effects on total adverse neonatal outcomes, preterm birth, and small-for-gestational age (SGA, all P < 0.05). However, no significant associations were found between adverse pregnancy outcomes (i.e., GDM and SGA) and the pre-pregnancy dietary intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, potato, fish, and carbohydrates and the Healthy Eating Index. Our study suggests that maintaining a healthy diet before conception has significant beneficial effects on pregnancy outcomes.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.1989658.
摘要：
本研究旨在通过对前瞻性研究进行系统评价和荟萃分析，总结有关受孕前饮食摄入对妊娠结局影响的证据。电子数据库从开始到2021年8月进行了搜索。总的来说,纳入了65项研究，涉及831798名参与者，并对38项研究进行了定量汇总。关于产妇的结果，孕前摄入油炸食物，快餐,红色和加工肉，血红素铁和低碳水化合物膳食模式与妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)风险呈正相关(均P<0.05)。然而,高膳食纤维摄入和补充叶酸与GDM风险呈负相关(均P<0.05).关于新生儿结局，孕妇在怀孕前摄入咖啡因会显著增加自然流产的风险，补充叶酸对新生儿总的不良结局有保护作用，早产,和小于胎龄儿(SGA，所有P<0.05)。然而,不良妊娠结局(即，GDM和SGA）和孕前饮食中含糖饮料的摄入量，马铃薯,鱼,碳水化合物和健康饮食指数。我们的研究表明，在怀孕前保持健康的饮食对妊娠结局有显著的有益影响。本文的补充数据可在https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.1989658在线获得。
